Cognition/Psychological Burden and Resilience in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma and Psoriasis Patients: Real-Life Data and Implications for the Treatment

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) versus psoriasis subjects.

Characteristics	CTCL ()	Psoriasis ()	value^e
Age (years), (range)	(52-88)	(42-82)	0.01
Male, sex, (%)	16 (80)	14 (74)	0.72
Caucasian, (%)	19 (95)	15 (79)	0.18
Years of education,			0.38
Married, (%)	17 (85)	10 (53)	0.03
Currently employed, (%)	8 (40)	13 (68)	0.08
Current and previous smoker, (%)	9 (45)	11 (58)	0.42
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg),			0.98
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg),			0.01
Body mass index (kg/m^2),			0.83
CTCL current stage
In remission	7
IA^1	10
IB^2	2
IVA^3	1
SWAT score, mean (range)	9 (0-87)	N.A.
PASI score, mean (range)	NA	7 (0-28)
Skin disease duration (years), (range)	(1-44)	(2-49)	0.01
Skin disease medication history
Skin directed therapy, (%)^a	10 (50)	6 (32)	0.24
Systemic therapy, (%)^b	10 (50)	13 (68)	0.24
Prior treatment with oral bexarotene, (%)	7 (35)	0 (0)
Prior treatment with oral acitretin, (%)	0 (0)	3 (16)
Estimated intelligence quotient, ^c			0.39
BDI-II raw score, ^d			0.86
STAI-state -score,			0.06
STAI-trait -score,			0.42
SKINDEX-29 emotion score,			0.46
SKINDEX-29 symptom score,			0.13
SKINDEX-29 functioning score,			0.32

Notes: ^askin-directed therapy for CTCL subjects included clinical trials, phototherapy, radiation, and topical bexarotene, nitrogen mustard, and steroids. Skin-directed therapy for psoriasis subjects included clinical trials, phototherapy, tar, and topical calcipotriene, steroids, and tacrolimus. ^bSystemic therapy for CTCL subjects included brentuximab, clinical trials, combination chemotherapy, extracorporeal photopheresis, interferon, oral bexarotene, prednisone, and vorinostat. Systemic therapy for psoriasis subjects included acitretin, apremilast, clinical trials, cyclosporine, etanercept, ixekizumab, methotrexate, steroids, and ustekinumab. ^cThe North American Adult Reading Test standard scores were used to estimate intelligence quotient. Average mean intelligence quotient is 100 with standard deviation of 15. ^dBDI cutoff scores: 0-9: within normal limits; 10-15: minimal depression; 16-19: mild to moderate depression; 20-29: moderate to severe depression; 30+: severe depression; ^e values were calculated with -Student to compare means of two independent samples (CTCL and psoriasis) using a freedom degree of 38 (number of observations–groups considered). 1: less than 10% of the skin is covered in red patches or plaques, and there is no blood, lymph node, or internal organ involvement. 2: 10% or more of the skin is covered in patches or plaques, and there is no blood, lymph node, or internal organ involvement. 3: most of the skin is reddened, and cancer is found in the blood; cancer may have spread to the lymph nodes but does not involve other internal organs. Abbreviations: BDI-II: Beck Depression Inventory-II; NA: not applicable; PASI: Psoriasis Area and Severity Index; STAI: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; SWAT: modified Severity-Weighted Assessment Tool.