Bushen Huoxue Formula Modulates Autophagic Flux and Inhibits Apoptosis to Protect Nucleus Pulposus Cells by Restoring the AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway

Figure 2

BSHXF treatment alleviates ECM induced by TNF-α. (a–d) Immunofluorescence staining of MMP-3 and collagen II in BSHXF-treated NP cells induced by TNF-α. (e–h) The mRNA expression levels of MMP-3, MMP-9, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5 were determined by RT-PCR. (i–m) The protein level of collagen II, aggrecan, ADAMTS-4, and MMP3. The group treated with serum containing BSHXF, and ; the TNF-α group, ^# and ^##.

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