Identification and Validation of Common Reference Genes for Normalization of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Gene Expression Profiles

Figure 4

Average expression stability and pair-wise variation analysis of eight candidate reference genes by GeNorm analyses. Expression stability was plotted in CA (a), NO (b), and ALL (c); pair-wise variation analysis (d). Note: The least stable reference gene (higher value) is on the left, and the most stable combination (lower value) is on the right of the plot. Most stable reference genes were deduced by the stepwise exclusion of the least stable genes. All the pair-wise variations were under the default limit of 0.15.

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