1,25-Dihydroxy Vitamin D₃ Facilitates the M2 Polarization and β-Amyloid Uptake by Human Microglia in a TREM2-Dependent Manner

Figure 5

1,25(OH)₂D₃-induced M2 polarization of microglia is dependent on cell surface TREM2. HMO6 cells were pretreated with or without TREM2-blocking antibody for 2 h and then treated with or without 1 μM 1,25(OH)₂D₃ in the presence of 100 nM Aβ42 at 37°C for 6 h (for mRNA expression) or 12 h (surface protein expression). Levels of cell surface CD86 (a) and CD206 (b) were measured by flow cytometry. Bar graphs indicate the relative (left panels). Right panels designate representative histograms. Levels of IL-1β (c) and IL-4 (d) mRNA expression were analyzed based on quantitative real-time PCR. and vs. the DMSO control; ^# and ^## vs. the Aβ42-treated group.

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