The Effects of Spinal Manipulation Added to Exercise on Pain and Quality of Life in Patients with Thoracic Spinal Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 2

Comparison of the mean (SD) of the VAS score and the 8 domains of SF 36 within experimental and control groups.

Outcome	Treatment groups	Baseline ()	Immediate after 1st session ()	After 8th session ()	Follow-up at 12th week ()	value
VAS score	Control	6.58 (1.41)	6.44 (1.41)	3.40 (1.48)	2.74 (1. 06)	<0.001
	Experimental	6.50 (1.55)	4. 58 (1.72)	2.26 (1.08)	2.46 (1.23)	<0.001
Physical functioning	Control	25.12 (20.22)	xxxxxx	55.46 (22.35)	56.36 (21. 07)	<0.001
	Experimental	27.10 (20.12)	xxxxxx	64.70 (16.94)	62.90 (18.29)	<0.001
Role limitation due to physical health	Control	30.60 (19.07)	xxxxxx	51.80 (26.14)	49.80 (26.61)	<0.001
	Experimental	33.70 (26.02)	xxxxxx	62.60 (22.57)	54.90 (22.91)	<0.001
Role limitation due to emotional problems	Control	35.32 (21.74)	xxxxxx	53.10 (27.71)	52.79 (27.45)	<0.001
	Experimental	38.15 (23.58)	xxxxxx	66.11 (24.30)	57.90 (20.09)	<0.001
Energy/fatigue	Control	25.10 (16.97)	xxxxxx	47.40 (17.93)	45.60 (16.67)	<0.001
	Experimental	25.69 (18.33)	xxxxxx	57.10 (24.49)	49.90 (19.96)	<0.001
Emotional well-being	Control	26.58 (22.21)	xxxxxx	45.92 (19.41)	44.64 (19.57)	<0.001
	Experimental	25.04 (18.42)	xxxxxx	58.30 (20.07)	51.98 (22.35)	<0.001
Social functioning	Control	29.92 (23.06)	xxxxxx	60.86 (15.63)	57.75 (15.27)	<0.001
	Experimental	29.40 (17.85)	xxxxxx	69.49 (14.34)	57.35 (15.06)	<0.001
Pain	Control	21.89 (19.14)	xxxxxx	60.32 (17.29)	61.60 (12.97)	<0.001
	Experimental	22.54 (16.57)	xxxxxx	70.32 (18.17)	64.36 (16.00)	<0.001
General health	Control	27.44 (16.77)	xxxxxx	60.50 (15. 05)	59.80 (15.18)	<0.001
	Experimental	27.00 (19.40)	xxxxxx	67.8 (14.43)	62.90 (16.93)	<0.001