The COVID-19 Severity and Its Association with Intestinal Parasite Coinfection and Urine Biochemical Parameters among COVID-19-Confirmed Patients Admitted to Debre Markos University COVID-19 Center, Northwest Ethiopia
Table 1
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 136 COVID-19-confirmed patients without and with intestinal parasite infections, in Northwest Ethiopia.
Patients characteristics
Total patients ()
Without intestinal parasite infection ()
With intestinal parasite infection ()
value
Age group
<20
2 (1.47%)
2 (1.80%)
0 (0.0%)
0.008
20-39
36 (26.5%)
33 (28.9%)
3 (16.6%)
40-59
67 (49.3%)
49 (43.0%)
18 (81.8%)
60-79
31 (22.8%)
30 (26.3%)
1 (4.5%)
Sex
Female
51 (37.5%)
44 (38.6%)
7 (31.8%)
0.635
Male
85 (62.5%)
70 (61.4%)
15 (68.2%)
Residence
Urban
111 (81.6%)
96 (84.2%)
15 (68.1%)
0.021
Rural
25 (18.4%)
18 (15.8%)
7 (31.8%)
Occupations
Employed
39 (28.7%)
33 (28.9%)
6 (27.3%)
0.621
Unemployed
57 (41.9%)
45 (39.5%)
12 (54.5%)
Student
26 (19.1%)
23 (20.2%)
3 (13.6%)
Health professionals
14 (10.3%)
13 (11.4%)
1 (4.5%)
History of smoking
20 (14.7%)
15 (13.1%)
5 (22.7%)
0.320
Nonsmokers
116 (85.3%)
101 (86.9%)
17 (77.3%)
Alcohol drinking
132 (97.0%)
110 (96.5%)
22 (100%)
0.912
Nondrinker
4 (3.0%)
4 (3.5%)
0 (0.0%)
Traditional medicine use
38 (27.9%)
32 (28.1%)
6 (27.3%)
0.939
Comorbidity
At least 1 comorbidity
76 (55.9%)
58 (50.9%)
18 (81.8%)
0.009
Hypertension
28 (20.6%)
28 (24.6%)
0 (0.0%)
0.007
Diabetes
17 (12.5%)
17 (14.9%)
0 (0.0%)
0.074
HIV
4 (2.9%)
4 (3.5%)
0 (0.0%)
0.489
Malignant tumor
2 (1.5%)
2 (1.8%)
0 (0.05)
0.702
Asthma
11 (8.1%)
8 (7.0%)
3 (13.6%)
0.385
COPD
15 (11.0%)
13 (11.4%)
2 (9.1%)
0.549
CKD
4 (2.9%)
4 (3.5%)
0 (0.0%)
0.489
CLD
8 (5.9%)
8 (7.0%)
0 (0.0%)
0.354
CHF
42 (30.9%)
40 (35.1%)
2 (9.1%)
0.021
Clinical outcome
Death
39 (28.7%)
34 (29.8%)
5 (22.7%)
0.612
Recovered
97 (71.3%)
80 (70.2%)
17 (77.3%)
HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CLD: chronic liver disease; CHF: cardiac heart failure. The calculated values are from the chi-square test or Fisher exact test for categorical variables as appropriate.
