Dream Recall Frequencies and Dream Content in Wilson’s Disease with and without REM Sleep Behaviour Disorder: A Neurooneirologic Study

Table 4

Dream content analysis of aggressive themes; WD with RBD versus WD without RBD (mean ± SD and percentages).

	Wilson’s disease; with RBD	Wilson’s disease; without RBD	WD + RBD versus WD − RBD	Effect size
Female/male	4/0	8/14	0.19	0.976
Dream reports per patient []	4.50 ± 2.65	4.27 ± 2.00	ns	0.098
Word count per dream report []	69.90 ± 31.47	66.83 ± 43.87	ns	0.080
Positive emotions (self-rating) [0–3]	0.98 ± 0.90	1.51 ± 0.96	ns	−0.570
Negative emotions (self-rating) [0–3]	2.58 ± 0.52	1.03 ± 1.02	0.031	1.915
Positive emotions (external judge) [0–3]	0.48 ± 0.36	0.53 ± 0.70	ns	−0.090
Negative emotions (external judge) [0–3]	1.25 ± 0.64	0.58 ± 0.63	0.081	1.055
Dreams with verbal aggression towards others []	0.50 ± 0.58	0.27 ± 0.55	ns	0.406
Dreams with verbal aggression towards dream ego []	1.00 ± 0.82	0.05 ± 0.21	0.021	1.587
Dreams with physical aggression towards others []	0	0.05 ± 0.21	ns	−0.337
Dreams with physical aggression towards dream ego []	0.75 ± 1.50	0.18 ± 0.40	ns	0.519
Dreams with verbal and physical aggression towards dream ego []	1.50 ± 1.29	0.23 ± 0.43	0.048	1.321
Dreams with aggression, total []	1.75 ± 0.96	0.46 ± 0.67	0.016	1.558

WD + RBD: Wilson’s disease with REM sleep behaviour disorder; WD − RBD: Wilson’s disease without REM sleep behaviour disorder.