The Interactive Relationship between Pain, Psychosis, and Agitation in People with Dementia: Results from a Cluster-Randomised Clinical Trial
Table 2
Efficacy of treating pain on psychosis and agitation.
Baseline
8 weeks
Control (n = 177)
Intervention (n = 175)
Control (n = 157)
Intervention (n = 146)
p change
NPI total score
31.4 (21.4)
34.8 (21.9)
0.132
26.6 (20.1)
18.9 (17.5)
<0.001
<0.001
Psychosis cluster
4.8 (5.8)
6.1 (6.9)
0.087
3.7 (4.9)
3.9 (5.5)
0.682
0.091
Delusion
2.6 (3.8)
3.6 (4.3)
0.030
2.0 (3.1)
2.0 (3.2)
0.813
0.052
Hallucination
1.5 (2.9)
1.8 (3.2)
0.427
1.1 (2.3)
1.4 (2.7)
0.405
0.832
Euphoria
0.7 (2.0)
0.8 (2.2)
0.887
0.6 (1.9)
0.5 (1.8)
0.123
0.507
Agitation cluster
13.4 (10.9)
14.8 (10.9)
0.155
11.3 (10.9)
7.8 (8.3)
0.007
<0.001
Agitation/aggression
3.7 (3.9)
4.2 (4.3)
0.373
3.4 (3.8)
2.1 (3.1)
0.001
0.001
Disinhibition
3.0 (4.0)
2.9 (3.8)
0.922
2.6 (3.9)
1.7 (3.0)
0.061
0.293
Irritability
3.7 (3.7)
4.2 (4.1)
0.338
3.0 (3.4)
2.3 (3.1)
0.092
0.093
Abb. motor behaviour
3.0 (4.5)
3.5 (4.7)
0.328
2.4 (3.7)
1.7 (3.6)
0.052
0.017
Calculated by analyzing the difference between the intervention group and control group at each measurement point using the Mann-Whitney test. Calculated by analyzing the difference in change of NPI-NH score in the intervention group versus the control group from baseline to Week 8 using the Mann-Whitney U test.
