Screening for Problematic Internet Use May Help Identify Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease
Table 1
The demographic and disease-specific characteristics of the study population reporting regular Internet usage ().
Mean/count
Standard deviation/percentage
Median
Percentile 25
Percentile 75
Age (years)
71.0
0.0
70
65
75
Sex
Male
64
60.4%
Female
42
39.6%
Education (years)
12.5
3.4
12
11
16
Disease duration (years)
10.0
3.6
10
3
13
Levodopa duration (years)
6.3
4.4
5
3
9
Disease subtype
Tremor-dominant
40
37.7%
Rigid-akinetic
40
37.7%
Mixed
26
24.6%
Disease severity
Mild (HYS 1 & 2)
66
62.3%
Moderate (HYS 3)
22
20.7%
Severe (HYS 4 & 5)
18
17.0%
Levodopa usage
60
56.6%
Dopamine agonist usage
65
61.3%
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor usage
18
16.9%
Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor usage
23
21.7%
Anticholinergic usage
0
0%
Deep brain stimulator usage
20
18.9%
LED
384.2
509.8
300
0
600
Dopamine agonist LED
108.2
170.6
40
0
160
Total LED
628.7
1085.2
400
100
822
Lille Apathy Rating Scale
-24.0
6.8
-26
-28
-21
Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale
10.0
5.4
10
6
14
Montreal Cognitive Assessment
24.2
3.4
25
22
28
Parkinson Anxiety Scale
11.4
7.3
11
7
17
MDS-UPDRS nM-EDL
11.5
6.5
11
7
15
MDS-UPDRS M-EDL
12.1
8.0
12
5
18
MDS-UPDRS ME
28.8
12.8
28
19
38
MDS-UPDRS MC
2.9
2.7
2
0
4
MDS-UPDRS total score
55.1
23.7
53
36
73
UDysRS part 1
8.1
8.6
6
0
15
UDysRS part 2
3.8
3.1
4
1
6
UDysRS part 3
7.2
3.8
5
0
3
UDysRS part 4
1.4
2.0
0
0
3
UDysRS total score
20.5
13.3
16
5
22
PDQ-39 SI
20.5
14.4
18.0
10.0
30.0
HYS = Hoehn-Yahr stages; LED = Levodopa equivalent dosage; MDS-UPDRS = Movement Disorders Society sponsored version of Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; MDS-UPDRS MC = motor complications (part IV of MDS-UPDRS); MDS-UPDRS ME = motor examination (part III of MDS-UPDRS); MDS-UPDRS M-EDL = motor experiences of daily living (part II of MDS-UPDRS); MDS-UPDRS nM-EDL = nonmotor experiences of daily living (part I of MDS-UPDRS); PDQ-39 SI = 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire Summary Index; UDysRS = Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (measured only on patients having dyskinesia, ).
