Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depressive Symptoms in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis: A Cross-Sectional Study of Two Tertiary Hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Table 1
Demographic and clinical features sorted by PHQ-9 group.
Variables
Comments
All patients
PHQ-9
(none & mild depression)
(moderate & severe depression)
value
Age
, year
0.28
Sex
Male
32 (30.8)
25 (32.5)
7 (25.9)
0.53
Female
72 (69.2)
52 (67.5)
20 (74.1)
Married
Yes
68 (65.4)
47 (61.0)
21 (77.8)
0.12
Education
≤high school
53 (51.0)
44 (57.1)
9 (33.3)
0.03
>high school
51 (49.0)
33 (42.9)
18 (66.7)
Employment
Yes
34 (32.7)
23 (29.9)
11 (40.7)
0.3
Family monthly income
<10,000 SR
69 (66.3)
56 (72.7)
13 (48.1)
0.02
≥10,000 SR
35 (33.7)
21 (27.3)
14 (51.9)
MG type
Ocular
22 (21.2)
18 (23.4)
4 (14.8)
0.35
Generalized
82 (78.8)
59 (76.6)
23 (85.2)
MG duration
≥4 years
56 (53.8)
46 (59.7)
10 (37.0)
0.04
MG therapies
≥2
78 (75.0)
56 (72.7)
22 (81.5)
0.37
Prednisolone
Yes
74 (71.2)
52 (67.5)
22 (81.5)
0.17
Average 3-month prednisolone dose
mg
0.07
MG status†
Uncontrolled
5 (4.8)
1 (1.3)
4 (14.8)
0.009‡
Partially controlled
77 (74.0)
57 (74.0)
20 (74.1)
Controlled
22 (21.2)
19 (24.7)
3 (11.1)
Last MG relapse
<1 year ago
42 (40.4)
27 (35.1)
15 (55.6)
0.06
Comorbidities
≥1
45 (43.3)
34 (75.6)
11 (24.4)
0.38
ICU admission
Yes
42 (40.4)
29 (37.7)
13 (48.1)
0.34
SR: Saudi riyal. The number 10,000 SR (≈2,666 $) represents the estimated median monthly income for the general Saudi population according to the 2013 Saudi household income survey [19]. ‡ values reported are unadjusted. To account for multiple tests using Bonferroni adjustment, here the statistically significant value for a test is considered to be .† for comparisons of the rate of depression between the “uncontrolled” and “partially controlled” groups; for comparisons between the “uncontrolled” and “controlled”; and for comparisons between “the partially controlled” and “controlled” groups. Note: percentages reported in all rows reflect column percentages.
