Wild Bitter Melon Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects by Upregulating Injury-Attenuated CISD2 Expression following Spinal Cord Injury

Figure 5

WBM abolished injury-triggered GFAP and attenuated injury-downregulated CISD2, PPAR-β, and IκB protein expression in mice 24 h following spinal cord hemisection in vivo. (a–d) In vivo mouse model of SCI. Results of protein expression of CISD2 (a), PPAR-β (b), IκB (c), and GFAP (d) for 3 conditions 8 h after SCI. (e–h) Results of protein expression of CISD2 (e), PPAR-β (f), IκB (g), and GFAP (h) for 3 conditions 24 h after SCI. The lower panel indicates representative immunoblot of the proposed protein expression, and β-actin (42 kDa) serves as an internal control. The results shown were from one of the experiments that were repeated for at least 3 times. The upper panel indicates the of the proposed protein/β-actin band intensity in ratio to the control group. Anti-inflammatory effects of WBM on SCI can be postulated as CISD2 preservation, and the potential upstream regulation of CISD2 on PPAR-β, subsequent IκB stabilization, and therefore, NF-κB inhibition. Vertical bars indicate the (SEM) of protein expression (). vs. control, vs. control, vs. control, ^#, ^##, and ^### indicate a significant difference. Pair-wise multiple comparisons between groups were performed using the Newman-Keuls method.