Behavioural Neurology

Review Article

Neurocognitive Complications after Ventricular Neuroendoscopy: A Systematic Review

Table 1

Results of all series describing cognitive complications and outcome after ventricular neuroendoscopic procedures.
AuthorYearNo. of patientsPopulationPathologies includedEndoscopic procedureStandardized assessment for cognitive complicationType of cognitive complicationPercentage of transient cognitive complications (% ())Percentage of permanent cognitive complication (% ())Standardized assessment for cognitive outcomeFollow-up time (years)Type of endoscope
Abdou and Cohen [18]199813AdultCCResectionNoMI23.1 (3)0No4R
Aref et al. [19]2017131AdultVariousNoND0.8 (1)NDNoNDR
Boogaarts et al. [20]201085AdultCCResectionNoMI, PS7.8 (7)1.2 (1)No4.4R
Birski et al. [10]201627MixedCCResectionYesMI3.7 (1)0Yes§3.6R
Brunori et al. [21]201822AdultCCResectionNoMI9.1 (2)4.5 (1)NoNDR
Burtscher et al. [12]20026AdultLIASETVYesNone00Yes1.5R
Calisto et al. [22]201420MixedHHDisconnectionNoMI10 (2)0No1R
Charalampaki et al. [23]200513MixedSSCFenestrationNoPS08 (1)NoNDR
Constantini et al. [2]2013293MixedTumorNoMI0.4 (1)0NoNDU
El-Ghandour [24]200910AdultCCResectionNoMI10 (1)0No2R
Eshra [25]201816AdultCCResectionNoMI18.8 (3)0No0.4R
Ferrer et al. [26]19974AdultTumorETV and biopsyNoMI25 (1)0NoNDF
Girgis et al. [5]2015330MixedVariousVariousNoMI00.3 (1)No12.9U
Hader et al. [27]201413MixedOHCETVYesDEF015.4 (2)YesNDU
Hayashi et al. [28]2011714MixedTumorBiopsyNoMI00.4 (3)No1.9B
Hellwig et al. [29]200320MixedCCResectionNoMIND15 (3)No5.3B
Hoffman et al. [30]201358MixedCCResectionNoMI3.4 (2)0No3.4R
Hugelshofer et al. [3]201531NDIVCFenestrationYesMI3.2 (1)0Yes2.4R
Iacoangeli et al. [31]201419AdultCCResectionNoMI5.3 (1)0No5.7R
Ibanez-Botella et al. [32]201424MixedCCResectionNoMI8.3 (2)8.3 (2)No5.6R
Isaacs et al. [33]2016163AdultVarious HCETVNoMI00.6 (1)No8B
Javadpour and Mallucci [34]200411MixedTGNoCI09 (1)No2.3F
Krahenbuhl et al. [17]201644MixedTumorNoConfusion2.3 (1)“0No4.1R
Lacy et al. [14]200910AdultOHCETVYesNone00Yes2U
Levine et al. [35]200735MixedCCResectionNoMI11.4 (4)0No7.8F
Margetis et al. [36]201477MixedCCResectionNoMI1.3 (1)1.3 (1)No2.7R
Mohanty et al. [37]201187MixedTumorNoMI00∞No1.9R
Oertel et al. [38]2009134PedsOHCVariousNoPS×00.8 (1)No1R
Oertel et al. [39]2017130MixedVariousCombined proceduresαNoPS2.3 (3)0No1.3B
Parikh et al. [40]200934MixedVariousNoMI, PS05.9 (2)No2.2U
Pinto et al. [41]200911AdultCCNd:YAG laser resectionNoCI00Yes (ND)2.75R
Rodziewicz et al. [42]200012MixedCCResectionNoMI8.3 (1)0No3.6R
Roth et al. [15]201918μAdultCCResectionYesMIND0Yes2.9U
Sribnick et al. [16]201356MixedCCResectionNoMI10.7 (6)10.7 (6)No1.2R
Tirakotai et al. [43]200422AdultCCResectionNoMI, PS~4.5 (1)4.5 (1)NoNDB
Torres-Corzo et al. [44]201433MixedFVOOMagendie/Luschka foraminoplastyNoMIβ00No2.3F
Vorbau et al. [4]201920MixedCCResectionYesPS, MI15 (3)0Yes15.7R
Wait et al. [45]201316MixedCCResectionNoMI25 (4)0No2.1R
Yadav et al. [46]201424MixedCCResectionNoMI04.2 (1)No3.1R
Zohdi and El Kheshin [47]200618MixedCCResectionNoMI16.7 (3)0No4.2R
No. = number; Peds = pediatric; CC = colloid cyst; LIAS = late onset idiopathic aqueduct stenosis; HH = hypothalamic hamartoma; SSC = suprasellar cyst; IVC = intraventricular cyst; OHC = obstructive hydrocephalus; HC = hydrocephalus; TG = tectal glioma; ETV = endoscopic third ventriculostomy; MI = memory impairment; CI = cognitive impairment; DEF = declined executive function; PS = psychosyndrome; ND = not defined; R = rigid; F = flexible; B = both rigid and flexible; U = unknown. αCombined procedures including ETV, septostomy, biopsy, aqueductoplasty, cyst fenestration, cyst resection, catheter removal, foraminotomy, and stent placement. Included were all endoscopies with at least two of these procedures combined in one setting. Intraoperative fornix injury in 2 patients. “Intraoperative unilateral fornix lesion in 3 patients, however not causing clinical symptoms. §Cognitive assessment only in 10 out of 27 patients. ×One fornix lesion without neurocognitive impairment. 12 fornix lesions (9 small contusions, 3 loss of structure, 1 with bleeding). Four patients showed transient deficits (3 cognitive) due to fornix lesion. μMixed cohort of microsurgical () and endoscopic () operated patients as well as conservatively treated patients (); 3 patients treated by endoscopy had fornix injury. ∞Fornix lesion described in 7 patients (7 mild, 1 significant). ~PS was transient; MI was permanent. β6 fornix lesions.