Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Its Associated Factors among People Living with HIV Attending Public Hospitals of Nekemte Town, Western Ethiopia, 2021
Table 3
Multivariable analysis of factors associated with depressive symptoms among PLHIV attending ART clinic in Nekemte town public hospitals, Oromia, West Ethiopia, 2019.
Variables
Category
COR with 95% CI
AOR with 95% CI
value
Sex
Female
1.59 (1.05, 2.42)
1.08 (0.54, 2.17)
0.83
Male
ref
ref
Education
Cannot read and write
2.173 (1.04, 4.52)
1.55 (0.38, 6.35)
0.55
Primary
1.44 (0.75, 2.76)
2 (0.56, 7.17)
0.29
Secondary
1.38 (0.69, 2.74)
1.87 (0.56, 6.2)
0.31
Diploma and above
ref
ref
Income
<500
2.21 (1.26, 3.88)
0.48 (0.14, 1.65)
0.24
500-1000
1.16 (0.59, 2.27)
0.46 (0.1, 1.47)
0.19
1001-2000
1.50 (0.80, 2.81)
0.49 (0.17, 1.38)
0.18
>2000
ref
ref
Occupation
Student
0.67 (0.26, 1.71)
1.20 (0.29, 4.93)
0.8
Merchant
0.43 (0.19, 0.94)
0.38 (0.1, 1.43)
0.15
Farmer
0.51 (0.18, 1.49)
0.59 (0.11, 3.14)
0.54
Employer
0.32 (0.14, 0.78)
0.19 (0.04, 0.91)
0.40
Daily laborer
0.38 (0.17, 0.86)
0.33 (0.1, 1.12)
0.08
Housewife
0.8 (0.34, 1.89)
0.48 (0.13, 1.76)
0.27
Unemployed
ref
ref
Presence of chronic disease
Yes
2.08 (1.38, 3.13)
1.53 (0.84, 2.78)
0.16
No
ref
ref
Duration of HIV
≤23
0.26 (0.1, 0.64)
0.11 (0.01, 0.65)
0.150
24-59 months
0.55 (0.31, 1.01)
0.11 (0.021, 0.59)
0.10
≥60 months
ref
ref
Duration since ART initiation
≤23
ref
ref
24-59 months
1.5 (0.617, 3.65)
2.96 (0.31, 27.99)
0.35
≥60 months
1.08 (0.01, 2.322)
0.34 (0.06, 2.12)
0.25
Alcohol usage
Yes
1.9 (0.99, 3.63)
1.51 (0.56, 4.05)
0.42
No
ref
ref
Family history of mental illness
Yes
3.004 (1.72, 5.22)
1.56 (0.67, 3.63)
0.3
No
ref
ref
Side effect of medication
Yes
1.85 (1.21, 2.81)
1.56 (0.85, 2.86)
0.15
No
ref
ref
Self-reported sleeping problems
Yes
5.263 (3.085, 8.88)
7.04 (3.23, 15.33)
<0.001
No
ref
ref
CD4 level
<200
4.309 (2.12, 8.68)
5.45 (2.06, 14.42)
0.001
200-350
1.93 (1.127, 3.306)
1.85 (0.85, 4.03)
0.122
>350-500
1.39 (0.823, 2.4)
1.70 (0.79, 3.67)
0.173
>500
ref
ref
Change on feeling of sex
Yes
3.97 (2.48, 6.34)
4.03 (2.01, 8.05)
0.075
No
ref
ref
Social support
Poor
6.64 (3.55, 12.51)
2.79 (1.17, 6.67)
0.021
Intermediate
3.95 (2.30, 6.78)
2.09 (1.17, 4.3)
0.450
Strong
ref
ref
Perceived stigma
Yes
7.35 (4.66, 11.6)
9.11 (1.17, 17.33)
<0.001
No
ref
ref
indicates significance at value < 0.05. COR: crude odds ratio; AOR: adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.
