The Effectiveness of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Paradigms as Treatment Options for Recovery of Language Deficits in Chronic Poststroke Aphasia

Table 3

Categorical language and cognitive scores at posttreatment and follow-up compared to baseline for P4, P5, and P6.

Participant item

P4

P5

P6

B1

B2

P-TMS

F1

B1

B2

P-TMS

F1

B1

B2

P-TMS

F1

Problem-solving skills

17/36

22/36

21/36

16/36

33/36

32/36

34/36

34/36

32/36

32/36

32/36

34/36

Auditory comprehension

30/64

38/64

45/64

36/64

15/64

14/64

17/64

27/64

46/64

48/64

55/64

53/64

Expressive language (Boston naming test—excluded)

16.5/26

14.5/26

16.5/26

12.5/26

0/26

0/26

0/26

0/26

23.5/26

24.5/26

24.5/26

28.5/26

Naming—accuracy

4.5/34

5/34

9/34

4.5/34

0/34

0/34

0/34

0/34

25/34

25.5/34

25.5/34

28.5/34

Reading skills

23/29

21/29

23/29

25/29

8/29

9/29

11/29

9/29

24/29

26/29

28/29

27/29

Key: P4: participant 4; P5: participant 5; P6: participant 6; B1: baseline 1; B2: baseline 2; P-TMS: post-TMS (1 day posttreatment); F1: follow-up 1 (2 months posttreatment).