Research Article
The Orthographic Ambiguity of the Arabic Graphic System: Evidence from a Case of Central Agraphia Affecting the Two Routes of Spelling
Table 5
Distribution of error types produced by CHS on writing to dictation ambiguous words.
| | Graphemes | Error types | Total number of errors | | Substitution | Omission | Inversion | Addition |
| | Letters (consonants) () | 105 (66.46%) | 36 (22.78%) | 9 (5.69%) | 8 (5.06%) | 158 | | Long vowels () | 8 (7.69%) | 81 (77.88%) | 5 (4.81%) | 10 (9.61%) | 104 | | Ta marbu:ṭa () | 4 (12.5%) | 24 (75%) | — | 4 (12.5%) | 32 | | Hamza () | 14 (25%) | 42 (75%) | — | — | 56 |
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