Proteins with RNA Chaperone Activity: A World of Diverse Proteins with a Common Task—Impediment of RNA Misfolding
Figure 1
In vitro chaperone assays. (a) shows a simple annealing assay where two complementary RNA strands are annealed in the presence of RNA chaperones. (b) In the strand displacement assay, the RNA duplex is loosened and an alternative RNA helix is formed. (c) Hammerhead ribozyme cleavage is enhanced in the presence of chaperones. Under single turnover conditions, substrate to ribozyme annealing is measured. Under multiple turnover conditions substrate dissociation is measured. (d) In the trans-splicing assay, the group I intron is split in two halves H1 (upstream exon, 5′-part of the intron) and H2 (3′-part of the intron and exon2), and splicing at low temperatures in the presence of chaperones is measured. (e) shows the cis-splicing assay where an enhancement of splicing at 37°C is measured in the presence of chaperones. The construct (shosho) contains short exon 1 (27 nucleotides) and short exon 2 (2 nucleotides) sequences.
