Effect of Vitamins A, C, and E Supplementation in the Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome in Albino Rats

Table 1

Effect of vitamins A, C, and E on glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance.

Group	Glucose (mmol/L)	Insulin (μU/mL)	HOMA-IR
I	4.28 ± 0.31	2.98 ± 1.42	0.56 ± 0.23
II	6.50 ± 0.83^c	17.01 ± 4.04^c	4.81 ± 0.68^c
III	5.28 ± 0.84^b,d	4.53 ± 2.38^a	1.06 ± 0.43^a
IV	4.89 ± 0.42^a	3.96 ± 1.48^a	0.84 ± 0.26^a
V	4.75 ± 0.30^a	5.09 ± 1.07^a	1.07 ± 0.19^a
VI	4.83 ± 0.43^a	5.40 ± 1.33^a	1.14 ± 0.22^a

HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, I: normotensive control, II: hypertensive control, III: group treated with vit C, IV: group treated with vit A, V: group treated with vit E, and VI: group treated with all the vitamins. Values are expressed as mean ± SD; 𝑛=5. ^aP < 0.01 when compared with group II, ^bP < 0.05 when compared with group II, ^cP < 0.01 when compared with group I, and ^dP < 0.05 when compared with group I by Dunnette’s multiple comparison test.