The Ginkgo biloba Extract Reverses the Renal Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Adult Male Rats

Table 2

The effects of the Ginkgo biloba extract (10 mg/kg b.w., intraperitoneal) administered 24 h before titanium dioxide (5 mg/kg b.w., intravenous) on general parameters studied.

Parameter	5–24 h	24–48 h	48–72 h
Water consumption (mL in 19 or 24 h)
Control	35 ± 3.4	32 ± 3.1	35 ± 1.9
Control Gb	23 ± 5.0	42 ± 7.2	32 ± 5.2
Treated TiO2	35 ± 5.1	32 ± 4.1	30 ± 4.1
Pretreated Gb	25 ± 3.3	38 ± 2.4	33 ± 2.2
Food consumption (g in 19 or 24 h)
Control	18 ± 1.3	19 ± 0.7	21 ± 1.4
Control Gb	14 ± 1.5	14 ± 5.1	12 ± 4.1
Treated TiO2	19 ± 1.1	16 ± 1.3	15 ± 1.4
Pretreated Gb	18 ± 1.2	17 ± 1.4	17 ± 1.2
Body weight (g in 19 or 24 h)
Control	305 ± 10	302 ± 10	299 ± 11
Control Gb	282 ± 24	280 ± 18	269 ± 23
Treated TiO2	227 ± 13	237 ± 14	246 ± 16
Pretreated Gb	278 ± 13	270 ± 16	273 ± 33

Values represent mean ± SEM ().