Persistent Sepsis-Induced Hypotension without Hyperlactatemia: A Distinct Clinical and Physiological Profile within the Spectrum of Septic Shock

Table 3

Hemodynamic and perfusion parameters in subgroups of patients.

	Lactate < 2.5 mmol/L	Lactate ≥ 2.5 mmol/L
Peak lactate level (mmol/l)	1.7 [1.3–2]	4.5 [3.4–7.4]**
Baseline lactate levels (mmol/l)	1.2 [1–1.8]	4 [3–5.8]**
Baseline PAOP (mmHg)	18 [13–26.5]	19.5 [15.3–23.8]
Baseline CI (l/min/m^2)	3.2 [1.9–3.5]	3 [2.4 –3.7]
Lowest CI (l/min/m^2)	2 [1.9–3.2]	2.4 [2 –2.7]
Lowest ScvO2 (%)	67 [59–71]	66 [58 –72]
Lowest SvO2 (%)	69 [65 –74]	68 [61 –75]
Peak NE dose (ug/kg/min)	0.08 [0.04 – 0.17]	0.2 [0.07–0.53]**
NE use (h)	22 [11–41]	35 [17–69]*
24 h fluid balance (mL)	1903 [845–2835]	4000 [1973–5509]**
Cumulative 72 h fluid balance (mL)	2857 [1130–5264]	5978 [3674–9551]**
Dobutamine use (% of patients)	18	46**
Basal P(cv-a)CO2 (mmHg)	5.5 [3–8]	6.1 [4.7–8]
Peak intra-abdominal pressure (mmHg)	19 [12.5–24]	17 [15–19]

* 𝑃<0.05.
** 𝑃<0.01.
Data are shown as median [interquartile range] or percentage. PAOP: pulmonary artery occlusion pressure; CI: cardiac index; ScvO₂: central venous oxygen saturation; SvO₂: mixed venous oxygen saturation; NE: norepinephrine; P(cv-a)CO₂: central venous-to-arterial PCO₂ difference.