Research Article
Impact of Changes in Perinatal Care on Neonatal Respiratory Outcome and Survival of Preterm Newborns: An Overview of 15 Years
Table 2
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the 304 surviving newborns according to BPD.
| | | BPD
| Non-BPD
| |
| | Gender, (%) | | | | | Male | 17 (73.9) | 125 (45.5) | 0.007* | | Female | 6 (26.1) | 156 (55.5) | | Gestational age (weeks), median (min–max) | 27 (23–31) | 30 (24–36) | <0.0001 ¥ | | Birth weight (grams), median (min–max) | 875 (550–1270) | 1220 (500–1500) | <0.0001 ¥ | | Small for gestational age, (%) | 2 (8.7) | 83 (29.5) | 0.05∞ | | Less than 1000 g, (%) | 16 (69.6) | 67 (23.8) | <0.0001 ∞ | | Complete cycle of antenatal steroids, (%) | 10 (43.5) | 177 (63) | 0.064* | | Histological chorioamnionitis, (%) | 3 (13.0) | 15 (5.3) | 0.041 ∞ | | Delivery mode, (%) | | | | | Vaginal | 11 (47.8) | 87 (31) | 0.096* | | C-section | 12 (52.2) | 194 (69) | | Respiratory support in the delivery room, (%) | | | | | Endotracheal intubation | 22 (95.7) | 120 (42.7) | <0.0001 ∞ | | Spontaneous | 0 | 106 (37.7) | <0.0001 ∞ | | Early NCPAP | 1 (4.3) | 55 (19.6) | 0.091∞ | | Apgar score, (%) | | | | | 1st minute | | | | | ≤7 | 22 (95.7) | 172 (61.2) | 0.001 ∞ | | ≥8 | 1 (4.3) | 109 (38.8) | | 5th minute | | | | | ≤7 | 15 (65.2) | 64 (22.8) | <0.0001* | | ≥8 | 8 (34.8) | 217 (77.2) | | | Respiratory distress syndrome, (%) | 22 (95.7) | 137 (48.8) | <0.0001 ∞ | | Surfactant administration, (%) | 22 (95.7) | 114 (40.6) | 0.008 ∞ | | Invasive mechanical ventilation, (%) | 23 (100) | 137 (48.8) | <0.0001 ∞ | | Invasive mechanical ventilation, median day (min–max) | 35 (4–140) | 4 (1–50) | <0.0001 ¥ | | Nosocomial sepsis, (%) | 15 (65.2) | 59 (20.9) | <0.001* | | Necrotizing enterocolitis ≥ 2A, (%) | 1 (4.3) | 7 (2.5) | 0.175∞ | | Retinopathy of prematurity ≥ 2, (%) | 7 (30.4) | 3 (1.0) | <0.0001 ∞ | | Intraventricular hemorrhage III-IV, (%) | 1 (4.3) | 3 (1.0) | 0.086∞ | | Cystic periventricular leukomalacia, (%) | 9 (39.1) | 19 (6.7) | <0.0001* | | Patent ductus arteriosus | 5 (21.7) | 14 (4.9) | 0.001
*
| | NICU stay, median day (min–max) | 90 (49–147) | 46 (1–160) | <0.0001 ¥ |
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*Chi-squared test, ¥Mann-whitney U test, ∞Fisher’s exact test; NCPAP: nasal continuous positive airway pressure; NICU: neonatal intensive care unit.
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