Diabetes and Hemoglobin A1c as Risk Factors for Nosocomial Infections in Critically Ill Patients

Table 2

Microbiology of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) including a second episode in each analyzed group of the study.

	Nondiabetics; 𝑛=32	Diabetics; with AGC; 𝑛=12	Diabetics with NGC; 𝑛=10
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	6 (19%)	1 (8%)	2 (20%)
Klebsiella spp.	4 (13%)	1 (8%)	1 (10%)
Enterobacter spp.	4 (13%)	1 (8%)	0
Proteus spp.	2 (6%)	1 (8%)	0
Acinetobacter baummannii	13 (41%)	3 (25%)	5 (50%)
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia	1 (3%)	0	1 (10%)
Morganella  morganii	0	0	1 (10%)
Total gram-negative bacteria	30 (94%) *	7 (58%)	10 (100%) **
CNS	1 (3%)*	3 (25%)	0
MSSA	1 (3%)	0	0
Enterococcus faecium	0*	2 (17%)	0**
Total gram-positive bacteria	2 (6%) *	5 (42%)	0 **

Data are presented as 𝑛 (%).
CNS: coagulase negative Staphylococci, MSSA: methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, NGC: normal glucose control, AGC: abnormal glucose control.
* 𝑃 < 0.05 between diabetics with AGC and nondiabetics.
** 𝑃 < 0.05 between diabetics with AGC and diabetics with NGC.