Is Vitamin D Insufficiency Associated with Mortality of Critically Ill Patients?
Table 4
Characteristics of patients who survived (survivor) or died (nonsurvivor) in ICU.
Variable
Survivor ()
Nonsurvivor ()
value
Age
66 [54–77]
66 [58–78]
0.755
Male gender
65 (52%)
48 (63%)
0.122
Length of hospital stay prior to ICU admission (days)
3 [2–6]
8 [2–20]
0.001
Length of ICU stay (days)
8 [5–12]
10 [6–20]
0.008
On admission
APACHE II score
20 [16–25]
27 [23–31]
0.0001
SOFA score
6 [4–9]
10 [7–13]
0.0001
Glasgow coma scale
14 [13–15]
12 [8–15]
0.0001
Hemoglobin (g/dL)
10.4 [9.2–12.6]
9.5 [8.5–11]
0.001
Thrombocytes (/mm3)
176000 [114000–262000]
109000 [63750–173250]
0.02
C-reactive protein (mg/L)
81 [27–164]
125 [61–196]
0.012
Procalsitonin (ng/mL)
1.4 [0.3–6.2]
2.6 [1–10.4]
0.008
Calcium level (mg/dL)
8 [7.4–8.8]
7.6 [6.9–8.3]
0.001
Albumin level (g/dL)
2.9 [2.5–3.3]
2.3 [2–2.8]
0.0001
Oxygenation index
212 [144.5–282]
152 [94–233]
0.0001
Invasive mechanical ventilation
34 (27%)
54 (71%)
0.0001
Organ dysfunction
87 (70%)
73 (96%)
0.0001
Sepsis/septic shock
38 (30.4%)
34 (44.7%)
0.069
25 (OH) D < 20 ng/mL
79 (63%)
60 (79%)
0.027
Comorbidities
Pulmonary diseases
43 (34%)
14 (18%)
0.015
Renal diseases
22 (18%)
24 (32%)
0.022
Malignancies
31 (25%)
30 (40%)
0.028
Admission from ER
63 (52%)
23 (30%)
0.003
During ICU
Nosocomial infections
29 (23%)
42 (55%)
0.0001
Sepsis/septic shock
7 (5.6%)
59 (77.6%)
0.0001
Renal dysfunction
7 (6%)
23 (30%)
0.0001
Renal replacement therapy
26 (21%)
43 (57%)
0.0001
Mechanical ventilation
65 (52%)
63 (83%)
0.0001
Steroid requirement
55 (44%)
62 (83%)
0.0001
Invasive BP monitoring
47 (40%)
64 (89%)
0.0001
CVP monitoring
51 (43%)
68 (96%)
0.0001
Tracheostomy performed
6 (5%)
11 (16%)
0.013
Blood/blood product requirement
42 (35%)
53 (77%)
0.0001
Values are presented as median [interquartile range] or (%); APACHE: acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, SOFA: sequential organ failure assessment, ICU: intensive care unit, BP: blood pressure, and CVP: central venous pressure.
