Prehospital Intubation in Patients with Isolated Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A 4-Year Observational Study

Table 1

Demographics of all intubated isolated severe traumatic brain injury cases.

	All intubated*; 𝑛=160	Prehospital intubation; 𝑛=105 (65%)	TRU intubation; 𝑛=55 (34%)	P value
Age (yrs; mean ± SD)	31±14	30±14	34±15	0.14
Males (%)	96.5	95	98	0.35
Nationality
Qatari (%)	22	20	23	0.27 for all
Non-Arab (%)	78	80	77
Mechanism of injury				0.92 for all
Fall from height (%)	12	13.5	11
Traffic related injuries (%)	81	79	83
Fall of heavy object (%)	3	3	2
EMS time (mean ± SD)	63±34	70±30	52±33	0.07
Mode of transport
Ground EMS (%)	84	76	98	0.001 for all
Air flight (%)	16	24	2
ISS (mean ± SD)	27±10	28±8	27±10	0.32
Scene data
Glasgow motor score (median)	1 (1–6)	1 (1–5)	3 (1–5)	0.001
O2 saturation	92±10	91±11	94±8	0.16
SBP (mean ± SD)	133±32	129±29	142±40	0.05
Pulse (mean ± SD)	93±30	93±28	92±30	0.78
CT head (%)	91.5	89	100	0.009
Craniotomy (%)	14	6	25	0.001
Ventilator days (median)	3 (1–29)	3 (1–19)	5 (1–29)	0.014
Hospital days (median)	12 (1–410)	9 (1–380)	22 (1–410)	0.006
ICU LOS (mean ± SD)	1 (1-2)	1 (1-2)	1 (1-2)	0.865
Pneumonia (%)	12	11.4	18.2	0.23
ARDS (%)	1.5	1.0	1.8	0.64
Blood alcohol level (median)	44 (7–93)	38 (27–64)	43 (7–66)	0.926
ED disposition				0.11 for all
Admitted to ICU (%)	81	85	86
Shifted to OR (%)	11	7	13
Mortality (%)	46	54	31	0.005

∗Patients had head AIS ≥ 3 and GCS ≤ 8.