An In Vitro Analysis of the Effects of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion on Free and Total Local Anaesthetic Concentrations in Human Blood and Plasma

Figure 2

Percent reduction in free-LA concentrations after equilibrium dialysis of whole human blood treated with ILE at three concentrations (2%, 10%, and 20%). Only the higher LA concentration was used for each agent for assessment of the effect of ILE on free drug. Bupivacaine showed the most consistent percent reduction in its concentration (50–60%) across the three ILE groups. Bupivacaine showed a significant reduction in concentration compared to all other LA agents in all three ILE groups. 2% ILE: one-way ANOVA. Bonferroni’s posttest: bupivacaine significant compared to all other LAs. 10% ILE: one-way ANOVA. Bonferroni’s posttest: bupivacaine significant compared to all other LAs. 20% ILE: one-way ANOVA. Bonferroni’s posttest: bupivacaine significant compared to all other LAs. Mean ± S.E.M = mean values ± standard error of means of three experiments.