Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Influencing Factors regarding Physical Restraint Use in the Intensive Care Unit: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

Table 4

Factors associated with nurses’ knowledge regarding physical restraint in multiple linear regression analysis (n = 237).

Variables	Categories	Knowledge (sum score)
		Crude unstandardized β coefficient (95% CI)	Adjusted unstandardized β coefficient (95% CI)
Sex	Male	0	0
	Female	−1.43 (−1.88, −0.98)	0.28 (−1.04, 1.59)
Academic qualification	Master’s	0	0
	Bachelor’s	−0.75 (−1.26, −0.24)	−1.11 (−1.63, −0.59)^∗
	Diploma	−2.20 (−2.94, −1.46)	−2.65 (−3.46, −1.85)^∗∗
Reading about PR in the past year	No	0	0
	Yes	5.95 (4.47, 7.43)	2.86 (1.37, 4.34)^∗
Received training in a graduate class about PR	No	0	0
	Yes	1.70 (1.24, 2.17)	0.82 (0.34, 1.29)^∗∗
Work experience at ICU	>5 years	0	0
	2–5 years	0.34 (−0.16, 0.85)	−0.49 (−1.04, 0.07)
	<2 years	−1.52 (−1.96, −1.07)	−1.55 (−2.14, −0.96)^∗∗∗
Work shift time	Regular day	0	0
	Shift day or night	−0.41 (−0.90, 0.08)	−0.13 (−0.56, 0.30)
	Shift day and night	−0.54 (−1.23, 0.14)	−0.23 (−0.81, 0.35)
Age of nurses	In years	0.16 (0.09, 0.23)	0.01 (−0.06, 0.07)

0 = reference, , , . Adjusted R² = 46.9%, F test value < 0.001.