Maximal Glycemic Difference, the Possible Strongest Glycemic Variability Parameter to Predict Mortality in ICU Patients
Table 1
Demographic data comparison between survivors and nonsurvivors.
All patients N = 538
Survivors N = 442
Nonsurvivors N = 96
value
Age (median, IQR), years
62 (51,79)
65 (51,79)
66 (51,75)
0.77
Male gender (n (%))†
291 (54.1)
231 (52.3)
60 (62.5)
0.09
Comorbidities (n (%))†
1. Hypertension
229 (42.6)
196 (44.3)
33 (34.4)
0.09
2. Cardiovascular disease
145 (27.0)
121 (27.4)
24 (25.0)
0.73
3. Diabetes mellitus
130 (24.2)
110 (24.9)
20 (20.8)
0.48
4. Renal insufficiency
104 (19.3)
89 (20.1)
15 (15.6)
0.38
5. Neurologic disease
67 (12.5)
59 (13.3)
8 (8.3)
0.24
6. Malignancy
81 (15.1)
59 (13.3)
22 (22.9)
0.02
7. Respiratory disease
69 (12.8)
58 (13.1)
11 (11.5)
0.78
8. Hepatobiliary disease
50 (9.3)
44 (10)
6 (6.2)
0.35
Causes of ICU admission (n (%))†
1. Respiratory causes
352 (65.4)
277 (62.7)
75 (78.1)
0.01
2. Sepsis, infection causes
244 (45.4)
192 (43.4)
52 (54.2)
0.07
3. Cardiovascular causes
208 (38.7)
179 (40.5)
29 (30.2)
0.08
4. Neurological causes
85 (15.8)
72 (16.3)
13 (13.5)
0.61
5. Gastrointestinal causes
81 (15.1)
69 (15.6)
12 (12.5)
0.54
6. Renal causes
72 (13.4)
54 (12.2)
18 (18.8)
0.12
APACHE-II (median, IQR)
20 (14, 24)
18 (14, 22)
23 (21, 27)
<0.01
24 h Calorie intake (median, IQR), Kcal
0 (0, 560)
0 (0, 560)
0 (0, 230)
<0.01
Insulin administration (n (%))†
104 (19.3)
78 (17.6)
26 (27.1)
0.05
Hypoglycemia (n (%))†
43 (8.0)
31 (7.0)
12 (12.5)
0.11
Number of glucose samples in 24 h (median, IQR)
7 (6,7)
7 (6,7)
8 (7,9)
<0.01
Mechanical ventilator used, n (%))†
425 (79.0)
331 (74.9)
94 (97.4)
<0.01
†Statistical analysis with the Chi-square test; value for significance <0.05. ∗Statistical analysis with the Mann–Whitney U-test; value for significance <0.05.
