The Positive and Negative Effects of Calcium Supplementation on Mortality in Septic ICU Patients Depend on Disease Severity: A Retrospective Study from the MIMIC-III
Table 1
The clinical characteristics of septic patients with different levels of iCa at the first ICU admission.
Clinical parameters
Total (n = 2,694)
Hypocalcemia (<1.15 mmol/L; n = 1,889, 70.12%)
Normal (1.15∼1.30 mmol/L; n = 716, 26.58%)
Hypercalcemia (>1.30 mmol/L; n = 89, 3.30%)
value
Age (years; median, Q1∼Q3)
64.40 (52.05∼77.19)
63.39 (50.82∼76.56)
66.92 (56.45∼78.30)
64.31 (53.87∼80.51)
<0.0001
Sex (male; n, %)
1579 (58.61)
1099 (58.18)
427 (59.64)
53 (59.55)
0.783
Ethnicity (n, %)
White
1905 (70.71)
1312 (69.45)
534 (74.58)
59 (66.29)
0.024
Black
197 (7.31)
131 (6.93)
56 (7.82)
10 (11.24)
0.253
Hispanic/Latino
79 (2.93)
67 (3.54)
9 (1.26)
3 (3.37)
0.010
Others
513 (19.04)
379 (20.06)
117 (16.34)
17 (19.10)
0.097
Severity
SOFA (mean ± SD)
6.33 ± 3.66
6.47 ± 3.80
5.84 ± 3.19
7.23 ± 3.87
0.001
SIRS (mean ± SD)
3.09 ± 0.87
3.13 ± 0.87
3.00 ± 0.86
3.00 ± 1.03
0.070
LODS (mean ± SD)
5.66 ± 3.16
5.71 ± 3.25
5.41 ± 2.86
6.62 ± 3.47
0.020
qSOFA (mean ± SD)
1.98 ± 0.67
1.96 ± 0.67
2.00 ± 0.68
2.05 ± 0.67
0.370
Septic shock (n, %)
423 (15.70)
339 (17.94)
74 (10.34)
10 (11.24)
<0.0001
Vent (n, %)
1998 (74.16)
1388 (73.47)
542 (75.70)
68 (76.64)
0.455
Lactate (median, Q1∼Q3)
1.90 (1.20∼3.10)
1.90 (1.30∼3.22)
1.70 (1.10∼2.60)
3.10 (1.80∼5.40)
<0.0001
28-day mortality (n, %)
478 (17.74)
354 (18.74)
104 (14.53)
20 (22.47)
0.008
Hospital mortality (n, %)
500 (18.53)
371 (19.64)
109 (15.22)
20 (22.47)
0.006
ICU LOS (days; median, Q1∼Q3)
3.37 (1.86∼7.27)
3.57 (1.90∼7.79)
3.10 (1.66∼6.23)
2.84 (1.761∼5.68)
0.002
Hospital LOS (days; median, Q1∼Q3)
8.98 (5.44∼15.01)
8.97 (5.36∼15.44)
8.95 (5.71∼13.87)
9.69 (5.16∼13.66)
0.861
SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; qSOFA, quick sequential organ failure assessment; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, LODS, logistic organ dysfunction system; ICU LOS, intensive care unit length of stay; Hospital LOS, hospital length of stay.
