The Positive and Negative Effects of Calcium Supplementation on Mortality in Septic ICU Patients Depend on Disease Severity: A Retrospective Study from the MIMIC-III
Table 4
The clinical characteristics of septic patients with or without calcium supplementation (before and after propensity score matching).
Clinical parameters
Before propensity score matching
After propensity score matching
Calcium supplementation (n = 2,689)
Nonsupplementation (n = 3,072)
value
Calcium supplementation (n = 993)
Nonsupplementation (n = 993)
value
Age (years; median, Q1∼Q3)
64.85 (52.01∼77.82)
68.77 (55.95∼81.51)
<0.001
66.91 (53.49∼79.96)
67.14 (55.56∼79.58)
0.553
Sex (male, %)
1541 (57.31)
1672 (54.43)
0.013
541 (54.48%)
529 (53.27%)
0.589
Complications (n, %)
Cardiac arrhythmias
988 (36.74%)
1124 (36.6%)
0.911
347 (34.94%)
364 (36.66%)
0.426
Liver disease
470 (17.48%)
437 (14.23%)
0.001
152 (15.31%)
154 (15.51%)
0.901
Renal failure
491 (18.26%)
647 (21.07%)
0.008
187 (18.83%)
194 (19.54%)
0.690
Fluid electrolyte
1392 (51.77%)
1304 (42.46%)
<0.001
497 (50.05%)
480 (48.34%)
0.445
Metastatic cancer
166 (6.17%)
229 (7.46%)
0.054
76 (7.65%)
81 (8.16%)
0.678
Severity
Lactate at the first hospital admission (median, Q1∼Q3)
1.90 (1.30∼3.10)
1.70 (1.2∼2.5)
<0.001
1.8 (1.2∼2.6)
1.8 (1.2∼2.6)
0.474
Septic_shock_explicit (n, %)
472 (17.55%)
266 (8.66%)
<0.001
142 (14.3%)
135 (13.6%)
0.650
Vent (n, %)
1659 (61.7%)
1120 (36.46%)
<0.001
466 (46.93%)
477 (48.04%)
0.621
SOFA (mean ± SD)
6.05 ± 3.611
4.85 ± 2.71
<0.001
5.40 ± 2.92
5.40 ± 2.90
0.939
28-day mortality (n, %)
442 (16.43)
352 (11.46%)
0.005
134 (13.49%)
142 (14.30%)
0.818
Hospital mortality (n, %)
471 (17.52)
361 (11.75%)
<0.001
144 (14.5%)
145 (14.6%)
0.949
ICU LOS (days; median, Q1∼Q3)
3.65 (1.87∼7.97)
2.01 (1.12∼3.64)
<0.001
3.04 (1.83∼6.93)
2.11 (1.24∼3.95)
<0.001
Hospital LOS (days; median, Q1∼Q3)
8.99 (5.54∼15.67)
6.57 (3.84∼10.59)
<0.001
8.26 (5.37∼14.11)
6.87 (4.11∼10.88)
<0.001
SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; qSOFA, quick sequential organ failure assessment; ICU LOS, intensive care unit length of stay; hospital LOS, hospital length of stay.
