Major Bleeding in Adults Undergoing Peripheral Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): Prognosis and Predictors
Table 2
Clinical characteristics of survivors and nonsurvivors.
Characteristics
Survivors (n = 75)
Nonsurvivors (n = 30)
Age (yrs)
38 [29; 49]
51 [35; 57]
0.002
Male gender
33 (44.0)
18 (60.0)
BMI
22.2 [20.7; 24.6]
21.8 [20.4; 23.4]
0.313
Comorbidities
Hypertension
6 (8.0)
3 (10.0)
Diabetes mellitus
2 (2.7)
0 (0.0)
Coronary artery disease
1 (1.3)
1 (3.3)
Coagulation disorder
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
Malignancy
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
Gastroduodenal ulcer
1 (1.3)
0 (0.0)
Diagnosis
Acute myocarditis
30 (40.0)
12 (40.0)
ARDS
33 (44.0)
7 (23.3)
AMI
5 (6.7)
7 (23.3)
Others
7 (9.3)
4 (13.3)
ECMO indications
Cardiac
40 (53.3)
22 (73.3)
Pulmonary
34 (45.3)
8 (26.7)
ECPR
1 (1.3)
0
ECMO modalities
VA
39 (52.0)
22 (73.3)
VV
30 (40.0)
8 (26.7)
VAV
6 (8.0)
0
Pre-ECMO APACHE-II score
19 [14; 23]
24.5 [20; 27]
<0.001
Pre-ECMO SOFA score
11 [8; 13]
13 [10; 15]
0.004
Pre-ECMO cardiac arrest
13/75 (17.3)
0
Complications
Nosocomial infections
46 (61.3)
21 (70.0)
AKI
50 (66.7)
27 (90.0)
Thrombosis events
Major bleeding
16 (21.3)
17 (56.7)
Number of days with ECMO
Length of hospital stay (days)
Data are presented as n (%) for categorical variables and median (interquartile range) for nonparametric variables. ECPR, Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation; VA, venoarterial; VV, venovenous; VAV, venoarteriovenous; APACHE-II, Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation-II; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.
