ICU Length of Stay and Factors Associated with Longer Stay of Major Trauma Patients with Multiple Rib Fractures: A Retrospective Observational Study

Table 1

Demographic characteristics and interventions of the cohort.

Basic characteristic	N = 215
Age, median (IQR)	59 (45–70)
Male gender	150/215 (69.7%)
APACHE-II score, median (IQR)	11 (8–16)
ISS score, median (IQR)	24 (17–32)
GCS, median (IQR)	15 (4–15)
Mechanism of trauma
(1) Traffic accident, percentage	140/215 (65.1%)
(i) Car	104/215 (48.3%)
(ii) Motorbike	36/215 (16.7%)
(2) Fall	51/215 (23.7%)
(3) Others	24/215 (11.1%)
No. of rib fractures, median (IQR)	6 (5–9)
Flail segments	76/215 (35.3%)
Lung contusion	118/215 (54.9%)
HAP/VAP	26/215 (12.1%)
HFNP	112/215 (52.1%)
NIV	43/215 (20%)
IMV	97/215 (45.1%)
Duration of IMV, days (median (IQR))	0 (0–4)
Regional analgesia	111/215 (51.6%)
Surgical rib stabilization	28/215 (13%)
Tracheostomy	7/215 (3.3%)
ICU LOS, days (median (IQR))	4 (2–7)
Hospital LOS, days (median (IQR))	15 (9–27)
Mortality rate	15/215 (7%)
ICU readmission rate	11/215 (5.1%)

IQR: interquartile range; APACHE-II: acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II; ISS: injury severity score; No: number; GCS: Glasgow coma score; IMV: invasive mechanical ventilation; NIV: noninvasive ventilation; HFNP: high-flow nasal prongs; HAP: hospital-acquired pneumonia; VAP: ventilator-associated pneumonia; TBI: traumatic brain injury; ICU: intensive care unit; LOS: length of stay.