Occurrence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Pulmonary Barotrauma in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Figure 1

Rate of barotrauma according to the oxygen support modality. Conventional oxygen therapy alone was provided to 10 patients. High-flow nasal oxygen was provided to 294 patients (alternating with non-invasive ventilation in 208 patients); barotrauma occurred in 29 patients (5/165 who did not receive invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and 24/129 who received IMV). Noninvasive ventilation was provided to 302 patients; barotrauma occurred in 30 patients (4/132 who did not receive IMV and 30/170 who received IMV). IMV was provided to 280 patients; barotrauma occurred in 43 patients (8/83 patients who received solely IMV without noninvasive ventilatory support and 35/197 patients who had IMV after noninvasive ventilatory support).