Occurrence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Pulmonary Barotrauma in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Table 4

Multivariable logistic regression analysis for the risk factors of hospital mortality. Variables entered in the model include obesity, corticosteroids, invasive mechanical ventilation, age, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, interstitial lung disease, stroke, heart failure, barotrauma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, arthritis, and cancer.

Variable	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval		value
Invasive mechanical ventilation	14.646	8.238	26.037	0.0001
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	6.606	0.977	44.678	0.053
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease	3.174	0.389	25.868	0.281
Interstitial lung disease	2.802	0.168	46.713	0.473
Barotrauma	2.784	1.310	5.918	0.008
Stroke	1.774	0.655	4.806	0.260
Arthritis	1.744	0.778	3.908	0.177
Cancer	1.581	0.489	5.108	0.444
Heart failure	1.568	0.710	3.459	0.266
Obesity	1.097	0.604	1.992	0.761
Steroid treatment	0.593	0.326	1.079	0.087
Chronic kidney disease	1.239	0.626	2.449	0.538
Age per one year increment	1.050	1.029	1.071	0.000
Asthma	0.468	0.222	0.990	0.047
Diabetes	0.748	0.346	1.615	0.459
Hypertension	0.558	0.312	1.000	0.050