Examining the Relative Contribution of Memory Updating, Attention Focus Switching, and Sustained Attention to Children’s Verbal Working Memory Span

Table 4

General linear model table of primary adjusted analyses predicting verbal working memory span performance using the predictor variables; updating accuracy, updating speed on switch, switch cost accuracy, switch cost RT, and 𝑑^′prime (sustained attention), in the presence of age.

Variables in the model	𝐵	95% confidence interval		𝐹	𝑝
		Lower bound	Upper bound
Age	.019	−.008	.046	1.94	.170
Updating accuracy	.469	.168	.770	9.76	.003
Updating speed on switch	−.225	−.543	.092	2.03	.160
Switch cost accuracy	.025	−.234	.285	.038	.845
Switch cost RT	.129	−.134	.392	.964	.331
𝐷^′prime	.097	−.141	.334	.668	.417

𝐹(6, 52) = 11.69, 𝑅² = .57, 𝑝<.01. When age was removed from the model, updating speed on switch also emerged as a significant predictor along with accuracy of updating, 𝐹(5, 53) = 13.41, 𝑅²=.56, 𝑝<.05.