The Effects of Soothing Techniques and Rough-and-Tumble Play on the Early Development of Temperament: A Longitudinal Study of Infants

Table 3

Means (SD) for choice ratios of five soothing activities at each age.

Variable	4 months	8 months	12 months	18 months	24 months
(a) Cuddling/giving love	.39 (.22)	.43 (.19)	.41 (.16)	.42 (.18)	.40 (.16)
(b) Distracting/attracting his/her attention to a novel object or event	.14 (.15)	.25 (.14)	.29 (.15)	.28 (.14)	.29 (.15)
(c) Giving drinks or snacks	.007 (.023)	.013 (.027)	.015 (.027)	.014 (.027)	.012 (.026)
(d) Leaving him/her as he/she is	.07 (.11)	.09 (.12)	.11 (.11)	.16 (.12)	.18 (.12)
(e) Not soothing the child as he/she does not cry/grumble	.38 (.39)	.23 (.24)	.18 (.19)	.13 (.13)	.13 (.13)