Child Development Research

Research Article

Acquisition of Letter Naming Knowledge, Phonological Awareness, and Spelling Knowledge of Kindergarten Children at Risk for Learning to Read

Table 4

Hierarchical regression results when regressing spelling knowledge onto letter identification knowledge and phonological awareness.
 BSE BBt
December ( = 2,100)      
Variable 1      
 Constant1.590.787   
 Letter naming knowledge.063.016.084 .007
Variable 2      
 Constant1.846.779   
 Letter naming knowledge.001.019.001 .0070.04
 Phonological awareness.091.013.168.021.028
February ( = 2,100)      
Variable 1      
 Constant1.352   
 Letter naming knowledge.352.027.278 .077
Variable 2      
 Constant1.352   
 Letter naming knowledge.342.028.270 .077
 Phonological awareness.016.012.027.001.077.211
May ( = 2,100)      
Variable 1      
 Constant.962   
 Letter naming knowledge.574.018.556 .310
Variable 2      
 Constant.796   
 Letter naming knowledge.343.017.332 .310
 Phonological awareness.253.008.518.218.527
Note.; ; .