| | Study | Country | Study period | Follow period (months) | Patients | Mean age | Diagnosis | Virus | Method | Study outcome |
| | Why, H. J. F. et al. 1994 | United Kingdom | 1985–1989 | 11–50 | Virus+: 40 | 44.9 | MC/DCM | EV | Molecular hybridization | Virus-positive has bad prognosis | | Virus−: 76 | | Figulla, H. R. et al. 1995 | Germany | 1987–1992 | 25.8 ± 13.7 | Virus+: 20 | 48.2 | IDCM | EV | In situ hybridization | Virus-positive has better prognosis | | Virus−: 57 | | Fujioka, et al. 2000 | Japan | 1997–1998 | 6–12 | Virus+: 9 | 49 ± 18 | IDCM | EV | PCR | Virus-positive has bad prognosis | | Virus−: 17 | | Caforio, A. L. P. et al. 2007 | Italy | 1992–2005 | 10–54 | Virus+: 31 | 36 ± 18 | AMC/BMC | HCV/EV/PVB19/ADV/EBV/HSV/CMV/MUMPS | PCR | Virus-positive has bad prognosis | | Virus−: 89 | | Kindermann, I. et al. 2008 | Germany | 1994–2007 | 59 ± 42 | Virus+ : 79 | 42 ± 15 | Suspected viral myocarditis | EV/PVB19/ADV/EBV/HHV6 | PCR | Survival NO difference | | Virus−: 101 | | Nowalany-Kozielska, E. et al. 2016 | Poland | 2004–2007 | 10.8–61.2 | Virus+: 32 | 44.9 ± 10.7 | DCM | HCV/CVB/PVB19/CMV | PCR | Survival NO difference | | Virus−: 10 | | Tebbe, U. et al. 2016 | Germany | 2003–2013 | 120 | Virus+: 17 | 54 | CM | HCV/EV/HHV6/PVB19/ADV/EBV/INFAB/HSV/VZV | PCR | Survival NO difference | | Virus−: 40 | | Karatolios, K. et al. 2017 | Germany | 2004–2008 | 58.2 ± 19.8 | Virus+: 16 | 51.1 ± 11.6 | DCM | PVB19/CMV/HSV | PCR | Survival NO difference | | Virus−: 39 | | Kuethe, F. et al. 2017 | Germany | 1997–2008 | 120 | Virus+: 167 | 47.7 ± 12.6 | CHF/MC/DCM | PVB19/EV/ADV/ | PCR/RT-PCR | Survival NO difference | | Virus−: 126 | | Hjalmarsson, C. et al. 2019 | Sweden | | 112 ± 57 | Virus+: 29 | 47 ± 12 | IDCM | PVB19 | PCR | Survival NO difference | | Virus−: 11 |
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MC: myocarditis, CHF: congestive heart failure, CM: cardiomyopathy, DCM/iDCM: dilated/idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, VZV: varicella-zoster virus, MUMPS: mumps virus, HSV: herpes simplex virus, EBV: epstein–Barr virus, HHV6: human herpes virus 6, ADV: adenovirus, INFA/B: InfluenzaA/B, CMV: cytomegalovirus, HCV: hepatitis C virus, PVB19: parvovirus-B19, PCR: polymerase chain reaction, RT-PCR: reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
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