Effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors on Arterial Stiffness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of included studies.

Studies	Country	Number of patients	Mean age (years)	Percentage male (%)	Baseline SBP/DBP (mmHg)	Intervention	Control	Follow-up duration	PWV type	Baseline PWV (m/s)	Jadad scale
London et al. [40]	France	24	53.5	58.3	176.9/98.5	Perindopril	Nitrendipine	48 weeks	cf-PWV	13.0	3
Breithaupt-Grogler et al. [41]	Germany	17	45.0–67.0	NA	149.9/98.3	Cilazapril	Hydrochlorothiazide	12 weeks	cf-PWV	9.2	3
Asmar et al. [42]	Australia	406	18.0–84.0	NA	162.2/98.7	Indapamide and perindopril	Atenolol	48 weeks	cf-PWV	12.3	4
Armentano et al. [43]	Argentina	34	55.0	64.7	157.0/95.0	Ramipril	Atenolol	12 weeks	cf-PWV	11.7	4
Komai et al. [44]	Japan	25	62.1	64.0	152.0/81.9	Cilazapril	Atenolol	24 weeks	cf-PWV	9.5	4
London et al. [45]	Australia	469	54.9	67.4	162.3/98.6	Indapamide and perindopril	Atenolol	48 weeks	cf-PWV	12.7	4
Anan et al. [46]	Japan	21	59.0	47.6	156.5/97.0	Perindopril	Valsartan	40 weeks	ba-PWV	18.3	3
Ahimastos et al. [47]	Australia	17	32.8	76.5	120.4/72.2	Perindopril	Placebo	24 weeks	cf-PWV and ba-PWV	7.4	4
Rehman et al. [48]	Malaysia	39	52.8	NA	151.5/93.0	Perindopril	Losartan	24 weeks	cf-PWV	11.5	3
Morimoto et al. [49]	Japan	32	64.0	46.9	145.5/82.0	Perindopril	Amlodipine	24 weeks	ba-PWV	16.4	3
Ahimastos et al. [50]	Australia	40	66.0	95.0	139.5/87.0	Ramipril	Placebo	24 weeks	cf-PWV	9.7	4
Mackenzie et al. [51]	United Kingdom	32	69.0	50.0	159.4/84.1	Perindopril	Atenolol	10 weeks	cf-PWV	9.3	3
Kostka-Jeziorny et al. [52]	Poland	66	46.2	60.6	158.2/96.8	Perindopril	Hydrochlorothiazide	8 weeks	cf-PWV	11.2	3
Virdis et al. [53]	Italy	50	45.0	70.0	148.4/92.8	Ramipril	Aliskiren	12 weeks	cf-PWV	7.6	4
Koumaras et al. [54]	Greece	37	48.0	78.4	148.4/99.4	Quinapril	Atenolol	10 weeks	cf-PWV	8.8	3
Redon et al. [55]	Spain	88	58.4	60.2	157.5/96.5	Perindopril	Olmesartan	24 weeks	ba-PWV	9.2	4
Jekell et al. [56]	Sweden	61	53.6	65.6	152.5/92.9	Ramipril	Doxazosin	12 weeks	cf-PWV	8.7	4

PWV, pulse wave velocity; ba-PWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; cf-PWV, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; NA, not available.