Research Article
Discharge Hemoglobin Association with Long-Term Outcomes of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of participants (overall and by presence/absence of bleeding events).
| | Characteristics | Overall (n = 983), n (%) or mean ± SD | Without Hb decline (n = 821), n (%) or mean ± SD | Hb decline (n = 162), n (%) or mean ± SD | value (without Hb decline vs. Hb decline) |
| | Age (years) | 61 ± 12 | 61 ± 12 | 62 ± 11 | 0.470 | | Male gender | 658 (66.9) | 551 (67.1) | 107 (66.0) | 0.793 | | Medical history | | | | | | Diabetes mellitus | 251 (25.5) | 209 (25.5) | 42 (25.9) | 0.900 | | Hypertension | 462 (47.0) | 384 (46.8) | 78 (48.2) | 0.748 | | Previous PCI | 33 (3.4) | 27 (3.3) | 6 (3.7) | 0.789 | | Atrial fibrillation | 65 (6.6) | 50 (6.1) | 15 (9.3) | 0.138 | | Peripheral vascular disease | 9 (0.9) | 4 (0.5) | 5 (3.1) | 0.008 | | Prior myocardial infarction | 34 (3.5) | 28 (3.4) | 6 (3.7) | 0.852 | | Prior cerebrovascular event | 55 (5.6) | 40 (4.9) | 15 (9.3) | 0.026 | | Chronic kidney disease | 45 (4.6) | 36 (4.4) | 9 (5.6) | 0.515 | | Arrhythmia (VT/VF) | 82 (8.3) | 65 (7.9) | 17 (10.5) | 0.278 | | Infarct location by electrocardiogram | | | | 0.269 | | Inferior | 285 (29.0) | 230 (28.0) | 55 (34.0) | | | Anterior | 466 (47.4) | 392 (47.8) | 74 (45.7) | | | Lateral | 232 (23.6) | 199 (24.2) | 33 (20.4) | | | Killip classification | | | | 0.018 | | I | 613 (62.4) | 522 (63.6) | 91 (56.2) | | | II | 205 (20.9) | 175 (21.3) | 30 (18.5) | | | III | 52 (5.3) | 39 (4.8) | 13 (8.0) | | | IV | 113 (11.5) | 85 (10.4) | 28 (17.3) | | | Laboratory data | | | | | | Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.7 ± 1.2 | 4.7 ± 1.2 | 4.8 ± 1.4 | 0.123 | | Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.7 ± 1.1 | 1.7 ± 1.1 | 1.9 ± 1.3 | 0.211 | | Admission hemoglobin (g/dl) | 14.1 ± 2.1 | 13.9 ± 2.1 | 15.0 ± 2.1 | <0.001 | | Discharge hemoglobin (g/dl) | 12.9 ± 2.0 | 13.1 ± 1.9 | 11.7 ± 2.1 | <0.001 | | Method of reperfusion | | | | 0.897 | | Balloon angioplasty | 916 (93.2) | 767 (93.4) | 149 (92.0) | | | Drug-eluting stent implantation | 854 (86.9) | 714 (87.0) | 140 (86.4) | | | Thrombus aspiration | 120 (12.2) | 91 (11.1) | 29 (17.9) | 0.015 | | Temporary pacemaker | 67 (6.8) | 52 (6.3) | 15 (9.3) | 0.177 | | Number of stents | 1.1 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.7 | 0.626 | | Intra-aortic balloon pump | 8 (0.8) | 7 (0.9) | 1 (0.6) | 0.610 | | Aspirin | 973 (99.0) | 813 (99.0) | 160 (98.8) | 0.673 | | Clopidogrel | 977 (99.4) | 815 (99.3) | 162 (100) | 0.597 | | Tirofiban hydrochloride | 112 (11.4) | 95 (11.6) | 17 (10.5) | 0.787 |
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SD, standard deviation; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; VT/VF, ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation.
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