Research Article
Retrospective Study of Aging and Sex-Specific Risk Factors of COVID-19 with Hypertension in China
Table 1
Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiographic findings of COVID-19 patients on admission.
| | Total (n = 543) | Patients with hypertension (n = 91) | Patients without hypertension (n = 452) | p Value |
| | Demographics | | | | | | Age, years | 47.00 (34.00–57.00) | 47.00 (30.00–57.00) | 47.00 (35.00–57.00) | 0.633 | | >60 | 99 (18.23%) | 17 (18.68%) | 82 (18.14%) | 0.903 | | ≤60 | 444 (81.77%) | 74 (81.32%) | 370 (81.86%) | | | Sex | | | | | | Male | 267 (49.17%) | 40 (43.96%) | 227 (50.22%) | 0.276 | | Female | 276 (50.83%) | 51 (56.04%) | 225 (49.78%) | | | Disease severity | | | | | | Mild | 67 (12.34%) | 16 (17.58%) | 51 (11.28%) | 0.102 | | General | 423 (77.90%) | 68 (74.73%) | 355 (78.54%) | | | Severe | 53 (9.76%) | 7 (7.69%) | 46 (10.18%) | | | Comorbidity | | | | | | Diabetes | 46 (8.47%) | 18 (19.78%) | 28 (6.19%) | <0.001 | | Coronary heart disease | 15 (2.76%) | 9 (9.89%) | 6 (1.32%) | <0.001 | | Cerebral vascular disease | 9 (1.66%) | 4 (4.40%) | 5 (1.11%) | 0.025 | | Common Symptoms | | | | | | Cough | 273 (50.28%) | 53 (58.24%) | 220 (48.67%) | 0.096 | | Fever | 221 (40.70%) | 39 (42.86%) | 182 (40.27%) | 0.646 | | Dry cough | 173 (31.86%) | 30 (32.97%) | 143 (31.64%) | 0.804 | | Laboratory findings | | | | | | Lymphocyte count, ×109/per L | 1.38 (0.95-1.80) | 1.37 (0.96-1.78) | 1.50 (0.89-1.94) | 0.175 | | <0.8 | 82 (15.10%) | 17 (18.68%) | 65 (14.38%) | 0.048 | | 0.8–4 | 398 (73.30%) | 61 (67.03%) | 337 (74.56%) | | | >4 | 7 (1.29%) | 3 (3.30%) | 4 (0.88%) | | | Neutrophil count, ×109/per L | 3.71 (2.78–5.31) | 3.66 (2.69–5.22) | 4.40 (3.00–6.19) | 0.234 | | <1.8 | 35(6.45%) | 3 (3.30%) | 33 (7.30%) | 0.032 | | 1.8–6.3 | 366 (67.40%) | 57 (62.64%) | 309 (68.36%) | | | >6.3 | 76 (14.00%) | 18 (19.78%) | 58 (12.83%) | | | Basophil percentage, ×109/per L | 0.26 (0.10–0.40) | 0.22(0.13–0.36) | 0.25 (0.08–0.40) | 0.037 | | <1 | 401 (73.85%) | 73 (80.22%) | 328 (72.57%) | 0.005 | | ≥1 | 5 (0.92%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (1.10%) | | | Hemoglobin, g/L | 134.00 (123.07–148.48) | 132.03 (123.11–147.15) | 135.78 (123.04–148.23) | 0.014 | | Urea/Creatinine | 61.63 (5.55–90.47) | 69.89 (38.16–96.09) | 44.14 (0.07–68.36) | 0.024 | | Cystatin C, mg/L | 0.94 (0.80–1.13) | 1.00 (0.33–1.23) | 0.93 (0.21–1.35) | 0.240 | | <0.54 | 2 (0.37%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (0.44%) | 0.012 | | 0.54–1.5 | 181 (33.33%) | 34 (37.36%) | 147 (32.52%) | | | >1.5 | 11 (2.03%) | 0 (0%) | 11 (2.43%) | | | Glomerular filtration rate | 111.25 (102.37–120.79) | 110.31 (101.15–121.21) | 111.62 (103.73–119.71) | 0.759 | | <90 | 6 (1.10%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (1.33%) | 0.013 | | ≥90 | 63 (11.60%) | 10 (10.99%) | 53 (11.73%) | | | Low-density lipoprotein, mmol/L | 2.40 (1.96–2.94) | 2.41 (1.99–3.01) | 2.40 (1.90–2.69) | 0.334 | | <3.12 | 190 (34.99%) | 42 (46.15%) | 148 (32.74%) | 0.027 | | ≥3.12 | 49 (9.02%) | 4 (4.40%) | 45 (9.96%) | | | Glucose, mmol/L | 5.56 (4.88–6.80) | 5.55 (4.99–6.79) | 5.62 (4.79–7.30) | 0.706 | | <3.92 | 9 (1.66%) | 5 (5.49%) | 4 (0.88%) | 0.008 | | 3.92–6.16 | 235 (43.28%) | 37 (40.66%) | 198 (43.81%) | | | >6.16 | 140 (25.78%) | 24 (26.37%) | 116 (25.66%) | | | Red blood cell distribution width SD, fL | 41.00 (38.30–44.00) | 41.88 (38.15–44.43) | 40.10 (38.50–41.75) | 0.037 | | D-dimer, mg/L | 0.38 (0.22–0.77) | 0.38 (0.21–0.80) | 0.39 (0.26–0.66) | 0.368 | | Oxygen saturation, % | 97.80 (96.00–99.00) | 96.30 (94.00–98.45) | 98.00 (96.00–99.00) | 0.246 | | Imaging features | | | | | | One side ground-glass opacity | 98 (18.05%) | 18 (19.78%) | 80 (17.70%) | 0.021 | | Both sides ground-glass opacity | 345 (63.54%) | 57 (62.64%) | 288 (63.72%) | 0.039 | | Consolidation | 12 (2.21%) | 0 (0%) | 12 (2.65%) | <0.001 | | Others | 40 (7.37%) | 5 (5.49%) | 35 (7.74%) | 0.053 | | Normal | 48 (8.84%) | 11 (12.09%) | 37 (8.19%) | 0.001 |
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Data are median (IQR), n (%), or n/N (%). p values were calculated by Mann-Whitney U test, χ² test, or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate.
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