Sex-Specific Gait Patterns of Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis: Results from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

Table 4

Gait kinematic and kinetic parameters in the frontal plane for men and women with and without knee-OA.

Gait parameters in the fontal plane	Sex	No-OA 𝑁=268 (women, 𝑁=124)			Knee-OA 𝑁=60 (women, 𝑁=31)			Mean comparison	Age-association comparison (OA*age)
		Mean	β	P value	Mean	β	P value	P value	𝑃 value
Range of motion, degree*
Hip	Men	9.26	−0.092	<.001	9.14	−0.039	.257	.785	.158
	Women	9.80	−0.096	<.001	11.17	−0.057	.402	.005	.558
Knee	Men	10.32	−0.093	.037	11.02	−0.209	.007	.394	.154
	Women	9.27	−0.025	.540	9.35	−0.018	.863	.916	.950
Ankle	Men	8.98	−0.036	.172	8.23	−0.144	.016	.170	.076
	Women	10.16	−0.071	.027	9.29	−0.227	.008	.181	.073
Peak joint moment, N·m/ kg
Hip	Men	0.83	−0.005	<.001	0.86	−0.003	.112	.173	.221
	Women	0.84	−0.005	<.001	0.91	0.001	.896	.005	.036
Knee	Men	0.46	−0.001	.596	0.48	0.003	.216	.355	.159
	Women	0.38	−0.002	.097	0.47	−0.002	.448	<.001	.938
Ankle	Men	0.17	0.001	.822	0.17	0.001	.757	.456	.757
	Women	0.16	−0.001	.142	0.17	0.001	.559	.329	.254
Total generative MWE**, 1000*J/kg
Hip	Men	56.22	−1.666	<.001	75.24	−1.743	<.001	.002	.887
	Women	67.29	−1.851	<.001	85.43	−0.874	.207	.002	.158
Knee	Men	12.54	−0.016	.857	12.64	0.078	.624	.958	.572
	Women	9.90	−0.172	.006	11.81	−0.216	.071	.141	.706
Ankle	Men	9.25	0.084	.269	10.21	0.327	.163	.503	.324
	Women	10.71	0.062	.551	11.02	0.758	.055	.925	.079
Total absorptive MWE**, 1000* J/kg
Hip	Men	53.72	−0.302	.110	54.22	−0.242	.569	.902	.894
	Women	41.96	0.082	.734	48.84	0.843	.150	.143	.212
Knee	Men	18.42	0.023	.851	21.67	−0.241	.110	.191	.147
	Women	15.99	0.057	.497	21.34	−0.098	.660	.007	.473
Ankle	Men	15.52	−0.210	.012	16.83	0.264	.466	.525	.201
	Women	17.16	−0.315	.003	20.13	0.476	.320	.281	.125

MWE = mechanical work expenditure; β: estimated coefficient for age association.
*Adjusted by gait speed, age, height, and weight.
**Adjusted by gait speed, age, and height.