Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research

Review Article

The Simplified Acute Physiology Score III Is Superior to the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II in Predicting Surgical and ICU Mortality in the “Oldest Old”

Table 1

Differences between APACHE II, SAPS II, and SAPS III severity scoring systems.


	APACHE II	SAPS II	SAPS III

Variables	Rectal Temp, MAP, HR, RR, Aa gradient/Po₂, pH/HCO₃, Na, K, creatinine, Hct, WBC, GCS, Age, chronic diagnosis	Age, type of admission, temp, SBP, HR, GCS, UOP, WBC, BUN, K, Na, HCO₃, bilirubin, Pao₂/Fio₂, AIDS, metastatic carcinoma, hematologic malignancy	Age, LOS before ICUA, Intrahospital location (OR, ER, other ICU, other), comorbidities (cancer therapy, cancer, hematologic cancer, AIDS, Chronic HF (NYHA IV), Cirrhosis), Vasoactive drugs before ICUA, ICU admission (planned, unplanned), Reason for Admission (cardiovascular, hepatic, digestive, neurologic), Surgical Status at ICUA (scheduled surgery, emergency surgery, no surgery), site of surgery (transplant, trauma, cardiac surgery, neurosurgery), acute Infection at ICUA (nosocomial, respiratory), GCS, highest Total Bilirubin, highest body temperature, highest creatinine, highest HR, lowest WBC count, lowest pH, lowest platelet, lowest SBP, MV or CPAP PaO₂/FiO₂
Data collection	Within 24 hours of admission to ICU	Within 24 hours of admission to ICU	Within 1 hour of admission to ICU
Major limitation	Not helpful to stratify outcome prediction based on primary diagnosis	May be less accurate for noncardiovascular diseases

Temp: Temperature, MAP: mean arterial pressure, HR: heart rate, RR: respiratory Rate, Aa: alveolar-arterial, Po₂: partial pressure of oxygen; pH: hydrogen ion concentration, HCO₃: bicarbonate concentration, Na: sodium ion concentration, K: potassium ion concentration, Hct: hematocrit, WBC: white blood cell count, GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale, Temp: temperature, SBP: systolic blood pressure, UOP: urine output, BUN: blood urea nitrogen, Fio₂: fraction of inspired oxygen, AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, LOS: length of stay, ICUA: intensive care unit admission, HF: heart failure, NYHA: New York Heart Association, MV: minute ventilation, CPAP: continuous positive pressure ventilation.