Muscle Functions and Functional Performance among Older Persons with and without Low Back Pain

Table 3

Multiple linear regression of functional performances and muscle functions.

Dependent variables	Male					Female
	Unstandardized		Standardized		value	Unstandardized		Standardized		value
	coefficients		coefficients			coefficients		coefficients
		SE	β				SE	β
Hand grip strength
Constant	26.834	35.723		0.057		6.330	21.588		0.301
Abdominal strength	−11.554	27.732	−0.082		0.680	35.972	16.702	0.410
Back strength	30.329	27.349	0.223		0.277	49.427	23.883	0.368
TrA control	0.216	0.500	0.090		0.669	0.054	0.387	0.029		0.890
Multifidus control	−0.691	0.718	−0.204		0.344	−0.584	0.428	−0.310		0.184
Lower limb function
Constant	4.372	16.529		0.168		2.723	12.011		0.165
Abdominal strength	6.314	12.831	0.091		0.626	−2.951	9.293	−0.066		0.753
Back strength	25.118	12.654	0.374		0.057	−6.807	13.288	−0.100		0.613
TrA control	−0.055	0.232	−0.046		0.814	−0.153	0.215	−0.163		0.483
Multifidus control	−0.052	0.332	−0.031		0.877	0.498	0.238	0.519
TUG
Constant	4.160	24.902		0.039		18.813	21.978		0.015
Abdominal strength	7.560	19.331	0.078		0.699	5.503	17.003	0.073		0.749
Back strength	−16.352	19.064	−0.174		0.398	8.989	24.314	0.078		0.715
TrA control	−0.073	0.349	−0.044		0.836	−0.138	0.394	−0.087		0.730
Multifidus control	0.419	0.501	0.179		0.410	0.005	0.435	0.003		0.992

Comparisons were tested using multiple linear regression.
value is significant at the level of 0.05 (1-tailed).