The Parallel Mediation Effects of Depression, Well-Being, and Social Activity on Physical Performance and Frailty in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older People

Figure 1

Parallel mediation models. Direct effect of physical performance and frailty is β = −1.03 (SE = 0.01). Total effect of physical performance and frailty is β = −1.10 (SE = 0.01). Total indirect effects of BootLLCI∼BootULCI are none containing zero: depression (β = −0.05, 95% CI: (−0.05∼−0.04),  < 0.001); well-being (β = −0.03, 95% CI: (−0.03∼−0.02),  < 0.001); social activity (β = 0.07, 95% CI: (−0.07∼−0.06),  < 0.001).