The Parallel Mediation Effects of Depression, Well-Being, and Social Activity on Physical Performance and Frailty in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older People

Table 1

Cross-tabulation analysis between frailty and demographic characteristics of participants (n = 7,622).

Characteristics		Total	%	Health status		value
				Robust (86.1%)	Frail (13.9%)
Gender	Male	3,361	44.10	2,932	429	0.004
	Female	3,574	45.68	3,037	537
	Missing	687	9.00
Age	50–64	3,298	43.30	3,058	240	0.001
	65–85+	3,637	46.48	2,911	726
	Missing	687	9.00
Education	Lower	6,304	82.71	5,377	927	0.001
	Higher	630	8.29	591	39
	Missing	688	9.00
Marital status	Married	5,014	65.78	4,538	476	0.001
	Single	1,919	25.22	1,429	490
	Missing	689	9.00
Economic	Satisfaction	6,002	78.75	5,157	845	0.196
	Dissatisfaction	933	9.11	812	121
	Missing	925	12.14
Diseases in past year	No	3,408	44.71	3,160	248	0.001
	Yes	3,526	46.29	2,808	718
	Missing	687	9.00
Chronic diseases	None	6,698	87.78	5,772	926	0.001
	One kind	215	3.00	181	34
	Two kinds	19	0.12	13	6
	Three kinds	2	0.05	2	0
	Four kinds	1	0.05	1	0
	Missing	687	9.00