A Novel Quantum-Behaved Bat Algorithm with Mean Best Position Directed for Numerical Optimization

Algorithm 1

Bat algorithm (BA) pseudocode.

() Initialize the bat population    and .

() Define pulse frequency , pulse rate and the loudness .

()  While ( < max_iteration)

()   for    to  

()   Generate new solutions by adjusting frequency, updating velocities and positions [equations (1)]

()   if (rand > )

()    Select a solution among the best solutions randomly

()    Generate a local solution around the selected best solution

()   end if

() Generate a new solution by flying randomly

()   if (rand <   &&  )

()  Accept the new solutions

()  Increase and reduce

()   end if

() end for

() Rank the bats and find the current best .

() end while

() Output results and visualization