Research Article
Adaptive Online Sequential ELM for Concept Drift Tackling
Table 3
Average testing accuracy in % for each concept between OS-ELM, CEOS-ELM, AOS-ELM1, and AOS-ELM2.
(a) Testing accuracy in % for SEA with |
| Method | Parameter | | | | |
| OS-ELM | NORM | 89.48 ± 0.33 | 86.47 ± 0.37 | 83.41 ± 0.93 | 85.32 ± 0.45 | ROS | 89.51 ± 0.37 | 86.43 ± 0.38 | 83.49 ± 0.95 | 85.31 ± 0.49 |
| CEOS-ELM | NORM | 82.40 ± 0.27 | 89.33 ± 0.43 | 75.80 ± 0.87 | 90.30 ± 0.35 | ROS | 84.54 ± 0.59 | 89.96 ± 0.59 | 77.97 ± 1.05 | 90.26 ± 0.69 |
| AOS-ELM1 | NORM | 89.84 ± 0.28 | 90.03 ± 0.25 | 89.67 ± 0.61 | 90.33 ± 0.39 | ROS | 89.76 ± 0.34 | 90.02 ± 0.25 | 89.76 ± 0.55 | 90.34 ± 0.38 |
| AOS-ELM2 | NORM | 50.58 ± 1.18 | 50.71 ± 1.19 | 48.50 ± 10.10 | 90.34 ± 0.30 | ROS | 65.78 ± 1.21 | 65.67 ± 1.19 | 64.09 ± 1.89 | 90.14 ± 1.34 |
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(b) Testing accuracy in % for STAGGER with |
| Method | Parameter | | | |
| OS-ELM | NORM | 51.89 ± 3.48 | 81.61 ± 4.74 | 67.18 ± 5.80 | ROS | 49.77 ± 1.96 | 84.16 ± 1.61 | 66.93 ± 2.00 |
| CEOS-ELM | NORM | 21.98 ± 1.57 | 53.66 ± 4.34 | 97.84 ± 4.32 | ROS | 23.23 ± 1.93 | 52.11 ± 2.35 | 99.27 ± 1.45 |
| AOS-ELM1 | NORM | 97.64 ± 1.95 | 100.00 ± 0.00 | 100.00 ± 0.00 | ROS | 100.00 ± 0.00 | 100.00 ± 0.00 | 100.00 ± 0.00 |
| AOS-ELM2 | NORM | 59.66 ± 5.65 | 70.91 ± 10.93 | 100.00 ± 0.00 | ROS | 56.20 ± 9.56 | 69.41 ± 14.05 | 100.00 ± 0.00 |
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