Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

Research Article

Feature Selection and Parameters Optimization of SVM Using Particle Swarm Optimization for Fault Classification in Power Distribution Systems

Table 2

Dataset of ten fault types located at distances of 3 km and 4 km from the substation.


							cc-	cc-	cc-	cc-	cc-	cc-

AG	1.9197	−0.3071	0.1245	4.9815	−0.7968	0.3232	0.5941	−0.0950	0.0385	0.0502	−0.0080	0.0033
AG	0.6990	−0.1118	0.0453	1.5998	−0.2559	0.1038	3.5687	−0.5708	0.2315	3.0765	−0.4921	0.1996
BG	1.4521	0.7277	0.5122	3.7681	1.8884	1.3290	0.4494	0.2252	0.1585	0.0380	0.0190	0.0134
BG	0.5287	0.2650	0.1865	1.2101	0.6064	0.4268	2.6995	1.3528	0.9521	2.3271	1.1662	0.8208
CG	0.4648	4.5783	3.1718	0.0857	0.8445	0.5851	0.0275	0.2711	0.1878	0.0237	0.2331	0.1615
CG	0.0880	0.8668	0.6005	0.2284	2.2492	1.5582	0.0272	0.2683	0.1858	0.0023	0.0227	0.0157
BCG	−8.2016	9.6684	16.2648	−2.5267	2.9785	5.0107	−0.1137	0.1340	0.2254	−0.1137	0.1340	0.2254
BCG	−4.1309	4.8697	8.1921	−0.7620	0.8983	1.5112	−0.2446	0.2884	0.4852	−0.2104	0.2480	0.4172
ACG	−1.2835	2.5576	4.8025	−0.9796	1.9519	3.6650	−1.6907	3.3688	6.3257	−1.4240	2.8375	5.3279
ACG	−1.4241	1.7834	3.8278	−1.0868	1.3610	2.9212	−1.8757	2.3491	5.0419	−1.5799	1.9786	4.2466
ABG	−1.1327	0.0679	2.6912	−2.9393	0.1763	6.9832	−0.3506	0.0210	0.8329	−0.0296	0.0018	0.0704
ABG	−2.0970	0.1258	4.9821	−1.6003	0.0960	3.8021	−2.7621	0.1657	6.5623	−2.3265	0.1395	5.5272
AB	−7.4589	−4.8688	17.7206	−1.3759	−0.8981	3.2688	−0.4417	−0.2883	1.0495	−0.3798	−0.2479	0.9024
AB	−1.4121	−0.9218	3.3549	−3.6643	−2.3918	8.7055	−0.4370	−0.2853	1.0383	−0.0369	−0.0241	0.0877
AC	−1.0143	−1.2113	7.8915	−0.7741	−0.9244	6.0225	−1.3360	−1.5955	10.3945	−1.1253	−1.3439	8.7550
AC	−1.5121	−7.9329	40.5259	−0.4658	−2.4439	12.4847	−0.0210	−0.1099	0.5616	−0.0210	−0.1099	0.5616
BC	2.0444	−4.2356	23.5915	0.3771	−0.7813	4.3518	0.1211	−0.2508	1.3972	0.1041	−0.2157	1.2013
BC	0.1409	−0.2920	1.6262	0.3225	−0.6682	3.7220	0.7195	−1.4907	8.3028	0.6203	−1.2851	7.1576
ABC	0.3508	−0.3674	1.9940	0.8029	−0.8408	4.5638	1.7911	−1.8757	10.1807	1.5440	−1.6170	8.7765
ABC	1.7837	−1.8679	10.1386	1.3612	−1.4255	7.7374	2.3494	−2.4604	13.3543	1.9788	−2.0723	11.2480

AG, BG, and CG are single phase-to-ground faults; BCG, ACG, and ABG are double line-to-ground faults; AB, AC, and BC are line-to-line faults; ABC is three-phase faults; , , , , , and are magnitudes of reflected voltages and currents, respectively; cc-, cc-, cc-, cc-, cc-, and cc- are CCR between reflected signal and incident signal.