Optimal Synthesis of Four-Bar Linkage Path Generation through Evolutionary Computation with a Novel Constraint Handling Technique

Table 3

Comparative Min and Mean for Cases 1–3 with a novel path repairing technique and a penalty technique.

Case number	With	Parameters	ABC	JADE	PBIL	TLBO	ACOR	GWO	SCA
1	PRA	Min	0.6374	1.8255	6.7539	0.0010	49.1961	0.3271	42.5282
		Mean	4.1297	7.5933	20.0681	0.3705	73.1582	8.5501	144.5432
		Success	30	30	30	30	30	30	30
	Penalty technique	Min	0.9797	23.1751	23.1950	0.2399	523.5085	0.8853	358.3843
		Mean	23.4148	297.8795	133.3815	175.9177	1005.078	147.9292	452.8526
		Success	30	29	6	26	22	29	3
2	PRA	Min	7.3696	0.7614	2.7790	0.7614	3.6197	1.0934	22.7680
		Mean	31.4436	13.3175	24.3873	9.2918	31.1379	27.5451	147.5295
		Success	30	30	30	30	30	30	30
	Penalty technique	Min	6.1512	8.5978	2.2458	0.7614	24.4416	2.6452	43.5787
		Mean	58.0879	35.9131	20.6274	45.8361	98.6229	39.3821	340.6984
		Success	30	30	21	29	30	30	30
3	PRA	Min	1.1331	2.2551	41.9444	0.0192	156.6075	26.8977	306.5633
		Mean	7.7983	9.2387	116.5084	2.5706	310.5264	70.7824	568.2001
		Success	30	30	30	30	30	30	30
	Penalty technique	Min	1.0714	1212.697	42.6040	352.3451	0.0000	251.2720	0.0000
		Mean	38.2367	1212.697	402.5957	576.6454	0.0000	493.2413	0.0000
		Success	29	1	4	10	0	15	0