Research Article

An Enhanced Lightning Attachment Procedure Optimization with Quasi-Opposition-Based Learning and Dimensional Search Strategies

Table 17

Results of Wilcoxon’s test for ELAPO against other six algorithms for each benchmark function with 10 independent runs at ( = 0.05).

FunctionLAPO vs. ELAPOSSA vs. ELAPOJaya vs. ELAPOIBB-BC vs. ELAPOODE1 vs. ELAPOALO vs. ELAPO
valueWin valueWin valueWin valueWin valueWin valueWin

F16.5157E − 023.8030E − 05+8.8057E − 06+1.8054E − 02+3.3181E − 011.0788E − 01
F21.1430E − 03+3.5370E − 018.2032E − 022.0905E − 011.6587E − 014.1164E − 02+
F3=1.4851E − 04+4.8142E − 06+2.1981E − 17+1.4807E − 02+8.7627E − 05+
F42.3713E − 016.8108E − 03+1.2111E − 05+1.1967E − 04+1.3930E − 011.6670E − 04+
F53.2636E − 03+1.1738E − 06+2.1936E − 09+6.6659E − 09+6.8124E − 07+1.3194E − 05+
F63.9780E − 11+5.6264E − 04+1.4458E − 04+4.7296E − 02+3.8957E − 04+1.3327E − 02+
F71.3127E − 02+4.2515E − 04+2.6918E − 05+4.0856E − 02+2.0166E − 012.4269E − 02+
F81.0554E − 03+2.6806E − 07+1.3055E − 04+3.2266E − 03+6.0020E − 05+1.4067E − 06+
F91.7774E − 011.7559E − 06+3.1821E − 06+4.0316E − 04+1.8318E − 05+4.8798E − 02+
F106.0410E − 024.0552E − 03+3.8508E − 06+3.2237E − 05+1.1459E − 02+4.8526E − 03+
F112.5412E − 012.3083E − 011.8567E − 011.6998E − 02+2.2426E − 019.9079E − 04+
F125.7296E − 03+1.1192E − 02+4.6725E − 03+3.7373E − 14+3.2594E − 018.0055E − 05+
F131.8191E − 03+1.8814E − 04+8.9399E − 05+2.5553E − 03+1.8822E − 015.4968E − 04+
F149.5904E − 04+8.1454E − 07+4.6052E − 08+6.4579E − 09+6.2990E − 07+6.7484E − 09+
F151.3848E − 10+1.2732E − 03+3.4198E − 13+3.2496E − 12+1.9113E − 13+7.5973E − 11+
F163.4344E − 011.3527E − 03+1.9997E − 05+3.6772E − 02+2.9349E − 02+1.0442E − 05+
F173.4344E − 016.7604E − 04+2.1918E − 03+4.1350E − 02+2.0726E − 02+1.0132E − 02+
F181.3100E − 05+1.2328E − 06+3.2377E − 14+2.2121E − 17+7.6070E − 14+3.5169E − 09+
F192.9586E − 04+3.4911E − 03+7.4745E − 029.9030E − 03+1.7725E − 05+7.2303E − 06+
F202.8427E − 02+6.2178E − 02+4.0529E − 05+1.7734E − 011.1848E − 018.2189E − 04+
F21=7.0957E − 02+6.6615E − 11+4.8172E − 06+1.5624E − 08+4.3379E − 06+
F221.6787E − 018.1058E − 02+6.4191E − 12+1.2747E − 06+7.1310E − 06+4.4267E − 04+
F231.6785E − 013.4082E − 10+5.7993E − 11+3.9727E − 07+1.0620E − 05+2.6960E − 08+
F24=2.9637E − 05+5.0207E − 05+1.7982E − 06+1.6055E − 014.2089E − 08+
F252.7440E − 04+6.8708E − 019.8070E − 12+9.7584E − 12+2.6606E − 08+1.6495E − 09+
F266.1439E − 027.0291E − 04+1.3762E − 05+3.8405E − 03+6.1551E − 03+5.0196E − 05+
F276.8071E − 03+7.0180E − 03+1.5724E − 09+1.7808E − 04+5.2722E − 025.0467E − 04+
F283.6344E − 03+4.8441E − 05+3.0928E − 08+3.2500E − 09+1.7440E − 07+1.9483E − 05+
F294.6908E − 02+4.9702E − 04+1.1193E − 04+1.0340E − 02+3.2293E − 03+4.3079E − 03+
F302.5163E − 02+2.6125E − 02+2.8404E − 07+3.5374E − 05+3.2647E − 011.3533E − 04+
F312.6889E − 07+4.1868E − 07+3.8867E − 09+2.0918E − 10+4.8250E − 08+2.7003E − 10+
F321.6785E − 016.3084E − 04+1.5043E − 09+4.1352E − 07+2.5620E − 10+8.4991E − 08+
+/−18/1126/629/330/221/1131/1