An Opposition-Based Evolutionary Algorithm for Many-Objective Optimization with Adaptive Clustering Mechanism

Table 2

The features of the test problems.

Problem	Features
DTLZ1	Linear, multimodal
DTLZ2	Concave
DTLZ3	Concave, multimodal
DTLZ4	Concave, biased
DTZL7	Mixed, disconnected, multimodal
WFG1	Mixed, biased
WFG2	Convex, disconnected, multimodal, nonseparable
WFG3	Linear, degenerate, nonseparable
WFG4	Concave, multimodal
WFG5	Concave, deceptive
WFG6	Concave, nonseparable
WFG7	Concave, biased
WFG8	Concave, biased, nonseparable
WFG9	Concave, biased, multimodal, deceptive, nonseparable